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iMi 11 (Mill iii^it 



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OFFICIAL HANDBOOK 



OF THE 



ATHLETIC LEAGUE OF THE 

YOUNG MEN'S CHRISTIAN 

ASSOCIATIONS OF 

NORTH AMERICA. 




iA 



The Athletic League, 

40 East Twenty-third Street 

New York. 



-^/.i 
/Q^. 



4-1-1764-1-97- ' '^ 

an 



uri 



COPYRIGHT 1897 

BY 

THE ATHLETIC LEAGUE OF YOUNG MEN'S 

CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATIONS OF NORTH AMERICA. 



CONTENTS 









Page 


Introduction ....... v 


Commit'! HES of the League 






9 


List of Associations in the League 






13 


Constitution 






16 


By-Laws .... 






18 


Affiliation with Amateur Athletic Union 


32 


Rules : 


Athletic ....... 35 


Pentathlon 






50 


Grading for Other Events . 






58 


Indoor Test . 






70 


Exercises for Indoor Test . 






76 


Marching 






79 


Dumb-Bell Drill 






115 


Bouncing Board Work 






139 


Horse Work . 






141 


Parallel Bar Work . 






154 


High Horizontal Bar Work 






155 


Low Horizontal Bar Work . 






156 


Games : 


Basket Ball, 157 


Minton .... 






168 


Volley Ball . 






174 


Entry Blank, 






178 


Index, .... 






179 



THE object of this Athletic League is to raise a higher 
standard of conduct in athletic sports, to unify the 
physical work of the Associations, and to emphasize 
the regular legitimate class work. In the by-laws will be 
seen a plan for allowing specialization and records in 
athletics. The aim of this is to throw emphasis upon the 
regular class work of the Associations, as men are not 
to be allowed in these competitions until they have spent 
the equivalent of a year's solid practice in regular gym- 
nasium class work. On this plan it is believed that they 
will be far more faithful in their regular work, and will 
attain the all-round development of their bodies more 
quickly than they otherwise would; and after they have 
secured this all-round training they will be in condition to 
specialize in some branch of athletics with advantage to 
themselves, thus gaining for the Association an increased 
esprit de corps through the maintenance of an athletic 
team. 

Particular attention is called to the close and friendly 
relations between this organization and the Amateur Ath- 
letic Union, as outlined on page 31. In the athletic rules 
those of the A. A. U. have been followed as closely as 
possible, even to the wording. 

In the General Secretaries' Conference held at Orange, 
N. J., in 1889, there was extended discussion regarding 
the advantages of the formation of an Athletic League 
among the Associations. Upon vote a committee was 
appointed to consider the matter, and, if it seemed wise, 
to proceed at once with the organization of such a league. 
The committee consisted of Messrs. James McConaughy, 
George W. Ehler, and George A. Sanford. The commit- 
tee met, but it became evident very soon that the action 



contemplated was beyond the functions of the Secre- 
taries' Conference and belonged to the International Con- 
vention and the International Committee, inasmuch as it 
was of an executive nature. Accordingly the matter was 
referred with a full report to the International Committee, 
who considered it favorably, but decided that the time was 
not then ripe for such a movement, as there had not yet 
been developed in the Associations the kind of athletic 
sports which was germane to the Associations and which 
could well form the basis for such an athletic union. But 
its sub-com.mittee on physical work was instructed to pro- 
ceed as rapidly as possible with the preparation of a 
scheme that might be useful in working out this problem. 

The result was a plan of athletics which should build 
men all round rather than provide competitions in indi- 
vidual events, and a system of marking by which an abso- 
lute and not a relative rank or mark could be given, thus 
giving to athletic games the character of an examination 
rather than of a contest. 

The International Conventions of 1S89 and 1891 dis- 
cussed favorably the formation of an Athletic League. 
In 1892 the State Committee of Illinois requested the 
International Committee to take steps in this direction ; 
and the International Convention of 1893 instructed the 
committee to present a working plan to the next conven- 
tion. 

The whole matter came up for discussion, at the request 
of the International Committee, at the Physical Directors' 
Conference, held in Springfield, Mass., in 1894, when 
some suggestions were made regarding the character of 
the organization, and the outline of a possible constitution 
and by-laws was drawn up, with the request that the 
matter be brought to an issue as soon as possible, as, in 
the judgment of the conference, the lime was ripe for 
such a movement. In the International Convention held 
at Springfield, Mass., in May, 1895, ^^^ subject was again 



fully discussed and a resolution was adopted, without a 
dissenting voice, commending the efforts of the Inter- 
national Committee "to frame an Athletic League of the 
Associations to promote, not the interests of mere sport 
or skill, but the best development of the body, because 
of the relations the body sustains to the man." 

Since that time the matter has been carried forward 
as rapidly as possible, and reached its first definite step 
October 3, 1895, ^'"^ ^^^ appointment of a committee which, 
under the direction of the International Committee, should 
govern the League. This committee held its first meeting 
on the following day and has since continued careful over- 
sight of the League. 



OFP^ICIAL LIST. 



GOVERNING COMMITTEE. 

Frederic B. Pratt, Chairmaii, Pratt Institute, Brook- 
lyn, N. Y. 

C. E. Patterson, Treasurer, Comptroller's Office, Grand 
Central Station, New York. 

Luther Gulick, M.D., Secretary, Springfield, Mass. 

Wm. Fellowes Morgan, 4 Bridge Arch, New York. 

E. R. Cooke, M.D., 52 East 23d Street, New York. 

L. E. Ballard, 52 East 23d Street, New York. 

J.. W. Ross, Montreal, Canada. 

W. H. Ball, Montreal, Canada. 

E. H. Cutler, Springfield, Mass. 

J. H. McCuRDY, M.D., Springfield, Mass. 
N. S. Davis, M.D., Chicago, 111 
(tEO. W. Ehler, Chicago, 111. 

F. J. Bell, Dallas, Texas. 
C. H. Carey, Dallas, Texas. 



NORTHERN SECTION COMMITTEE. 

J. W. Ross, Chairtnau, Montreal, Canada. 
W. H. Ball, Secretary, Montreal, Canada. 



NORTHEASTERN SECTION COMMITTEE. 

E. H. Cutler, Ckairman, Springfield, Mass. 
A. T. Halsted, M.D., Treasurer, Springfield, Mass. 
J. H. McCurdy, M.D., Secretary, Springfield, Mass. 
Arthur S. Johnson, Boston, Mass. 



George L. Meylan, M.D., Boston, Mass. 
Paul C. Phillips, M.D., Amherst, Mass. 



Covvniitti'i' for Massachnsetts and Rhode Island. 

Arthur S. Johnson, Chairman, 258 Commonwealth 

Avenue, Boston. 
George L. Meylan, M.D., Secretary, Boston. 
D. A. MacPhie, 167 Tremont Street, Boston. 
G. L. Richards, Maiden, Mass. 



EASTERN SECTION COMMITTEE. 

Wm. Fellowes Morgan, Chairman, 4 Bridge Arch, 

New York. 
P2. R. Cooke, M.D., Secretary, 52 East 23d Street, New 

York. 
C. W. McAlpin, 150 Avenue D, New York. 
Louis Welzmiller, 318 West 57th Street, New York. 



Committee for the State of New York. 

C. W. McAli'IN, Chairman, 150 Avenue D, New York. 
Louis Welzmiller, Secretary, 318 West 57th Street, 

New York. 
A. H. Whitfori), Rochester. 



CENTRAL SECTION COMMITTEE. 

N. S. Davis, Jr., M.D., Chairfnan, 65 Randolph Street, 

Chicago, 111. 
George W. Ehler, Secretary-Treasurer, 153 LaSalle 

Street, Chicago, 111. 
J. M. Ewen, Marquette Building, Chicago, 111. 
A. R. E. Wyant, Morgan Park, 111. 



II 



H. F. Kallenberg, 153 LaSalle Street, Chicago, 111. 
W. D. Yerger, Provident Life and Trust Company, 

Cincinnati, O. 
G. D. Fisher, Cincinnati, (). 
C. A. Waldo, Lafayette, Ind. 
H. H. WiKEL, Indianapolis, Ind. 
E. X. Hastings, 183 i6th Street, Milwaukee, Wis. 
H. J. Cunningham, Janesville, Wis. 
Clay H. Hollister, Grand Rapids, .Mich. 



Committee for the State of Illinois. 

A. R. E. Wyant, Chairman, Morgan Park. 
H. F. Kallenberg, Secretary, 153 LaSalle Street, 
Chicago. 



Committee for the State of Ohio. 

W. D. Verger, Chai>-man, Provident Life and Trust 

Company, Cincinnati. 
G. D. Fisher, Secretary, Cincinnati. 
W. E. Day, Dayton. 
W. H. KiNNicuTT, Cleveland. 



Committee for the State of Indiana. 

C. A. Waldo, Chairman, Lafayette. 
H. H. WiKEL, Secretary, Indianapolis. 
S. E. M. Coulter, South Bend. 



Committee for the State of Wisconsin. 

E. X. Hastings, Chairman, 183 i6th Street, Milwaukee. 
H. J. Cunningham, Secretary, Janesville. 
E. U. Borreson, LaCrosse. 



Co?uviiUee for the State of Michigan. 

Clay H. Hollister, Chairman, Grand Rapids 

Secretary, 

F. M. Thompson, Detroit. 
E. S. Grierson, Calumet. 
C. D. FuLLKR, Kalamazoo. 



SOUTHWESTERN SECTION COMMITTEE. 

F. J. Bell, Chairman, Bell cS: Atwell, Main Street, Dalh 

Texas. 
Ed. S. Eberly, Treastcrer, Dallas, Texas. 
Charles H. Carky, Secretary, Dallas, Texas. 



YOUNCr MEN'S C'HRISTIAX ASSOCIATIONS 
IN THE ATHLETIC LEAGUE 

DECEMBER, 1896. 

No. of 

Members. 

Man., Winnipeg ... 310 

N. B., St. John 674 

Ont., Hamilton . . 501 

Que., Montreal i)732 

Cal., Redlands 156 

" Sacramento 166 

Col., Colorado Springs 384 

" Pueblo 425 

Conn., Bridgeport 771 

" Danbury 212 

" Norwich 150 

" Stam.ford 405 

Del., Wilmington 217 

111., Chicago, Central 2.272 

Hyde Park 83 

" Chicago West Side Dept 480 

Ind., New Albany .... 253 

" I'erra Haute 378 

Iowa, Dubuque 532 

Kan., Wichita 384 

Md., Baltimore, Central i'35- 

Mass., Boston 2,752 

" Brockton 465 

Chicopee 135 

Fitchburg 469 

" Holyoke 700 

" Lynn 590 

" Melrose 340 

" Northampton 291 



14 



Mass., Quincy 286 

" Southbridge 575 

Springfield 888 

" Taunton 360 

Mich., Grand Rapids 1,188 

Minn., Duluth 544 

*' Minneapolis 877 

Mo., St. Louis, Central 799 

" Sedalia 216 

N. H., Concord 521 

Neb., Omaha 1*105 

N. J., Camden 404 

" Morristown 339 

" Newark 1,121 

" Orange 587 

" Paterson 393 

" Plainfield 446 

" Trenton 440 

N. v., Albany 1,195 

'' Auburn 650 

" Brooklyn, Bedford Branch 489 

" " Central Branch i>434 

" " E. District Branch .... 251 

" " 26th Ward Branch . . 235 

" " Greenpoint 217 

" Buffalo 1,849 

" New York, Harlem Branch 883 

" " " Railroad Branch i?470 

" " " 23d Street Branch . . . 2,251 

" " " Washington Heights Branch, 174 

" " " ^'oung Men's Institute . . 653 

" Rochester 2,113 

Troy, Railroad 289 

Ohio, Cleveland • 2.353 

Dayton 2,480 

" Piqua 675 



Ohio, Springfield i>035 

Oregon, Salem 2^8 

Pa., Bradford . . i6o 

" Philadelphia, Kensington Branch . . 762 

" Sewickley 315 

" Scranton i)347 

" Williamsport 350 

Tenn., Knoxville 321 

" Memphis 720 

Texas, Austin 405 

" Dallas 763 

" Galveston 612 

•' Houston 812 

" San Antonio 549 

Vt., Rutland 526 

Wis., La Crosse 400 

" Milwaukee 783 

Total, 58,427 



CONSTITUTION 

OF THE 

ATHLETIC LEACxUE OF THE YOUNG MEN'S 

CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATIONS OF 

NORTH AMERICA. 

Article I. Name. 

This organization shall be known as " The Athletic 
League of the Young Men's Christian Associations of 
North America." 

Article II. Objects. 

The objects of the League shall be : 

vSection I. The maintenance of a high standard of 
Christian morality, honesty, courtesy, and manliness in 
athletic sport. 

Sec. 2. The furtherance of Association physical de- 
partment work. 

Sec. 3. The institution, regulation, and government of 
interassociation gymnastic and athletic meets of all kinds. 

Sec. 4. The securing and maintenance of a genuine 
amateur l)asis in Association sport. 

Article III. Membership. 

Membership in the League shall consist of such Young 
Men's Christian Associations or branches, entitled to rep- 
resentation in the International Convention, as shall join 
this League, as provided in the by-laws. 



17 



Article IV. (iovHRNMENT. 

The direction and control of the League shall be placed 
in the charge of a Governing Committee appointed an 
nually by the International Committee of the Young 
Men's Christian Associations of North America. All the 
acts of said Governing Committee shall be subject to the 
approval of the International Committee. 

Article V. Amendmenis. 

No amendments to this constitution may be made 
without the approval of the International Committee. 



BY-LAWS. 



Section i. Spirit of the Leag2ie. 

The League endeavors to foster clean sport between 
gentlemen. The following statements express the spirit 
to be sought and maintained in such sport. It is the 
privilege and duty of every committee and person con- 
nected with the League to embody these principles in his 
own actions and to earnestly advocate them before others: 

(i) The rules of games are to be regarded as mutual 
agreements, the spirit or letter of which one should no 
sooner try to evade or break than one would any other 
agreement between gentlemen. The stealing of advantage 
in sport is to be regarded in the same way as stealing of 
any other kind. 

(2) N'isiting teams are the honored guests of the 
home team, and all their mutual relationships are to be 
governed by the spirit which is understood to guiJe in 
such relationships. 

(3) No action is to be done nor course of conduct 
pursued which would seem ungentlemanly or dishonorable 
if known to one's opponents or the public. 

(4) No advantages are to be sought over others ex- 
cept those in which the game is understood to show su- 
periority. 

(5) Advantage should not be taken of the laxity of 
officials in interpreting and enforcing rules. 

(6) Officers and opponents are to be regarded and 
treated as honest in intention. When opponents are evi- 
dently not gentlemen, and officers manifestly dishonest or 
incompetent, future relationships with them may be 
avoided. 



19 

(7) Decisions of officials are to be abided by, even 
when tliey seem unfair. 

(8) Ungentlemanly or unfair means are not to be 
used even when they are used by opponents. 

(9) > Good points in others should be appreciated and 
suitable recognition given. 

Sec. 2. Sections. 

The following divisions of the territory of this League 
shall be made, these divisions being known as Sections : 

Northern; headquarters at Montreal. Ontario and 
Quebec. 

Northeastern; headquarters at Springfield, Mass. 
Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Maine, New Hamp- 
shire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and 
Connecticut. 

Eastern ; headquarters at New York City. New York, 
New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, 
District of Columbia, West Virginia. 

Central; headquarters at Chicago. Ohio, Indiana, 
Illinois, Missouri, Iowa, Wisconsin, Michigan. 

• Southern ; headquarters at . Virginia 

Kentucky, Tennessee, North Carolina, South Car- 
olina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi. 

Western ; headquarters at Denver. Manitoba, Assini- 
boia. Alberta, Minnesota, North Dakota, South 
Dakota, Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, New Mex- 
ico, Kansas, Nebraska. 

Southwestern; headquarters at Dallas, Tex. Ar- 
kansas, Louisiana, Texas, Indian Territory, Okla- 
homa Territory. 

Pacific ; headquarters at . British 

Columbia, Washmgton, Oregon, Idaho, Nevada, 
Utah, Arizona, and California. 



Si':c. 3. State Dhisioiis. 

Each section shall be subdivided, following the lines 
of the divisions made by the general State and Provincial 
Committees of the Associations. 

Skc. 4. Pisiricts. 

Each state division may be divided according to a 
convenient basis for the operation of small leagues. 
These divisions shall be known as districts. 

Sec. 5. Comniittecs. 

(i) Section Committees. .'I'he direction and control 
of League matters in each section shall be placed in 
charge of a Section Committee, appointed annually by 
the Governing Committee. All the acts of the Section 
Committee shall be subject to the approval of the Gov- 
erning Committee. 

(2) vState Committees. The direction and control 
of League matters in each state shall be placed in charge 
of a League State Committee, appointed annually by the 
Section Committee, subject to the approval of the general 
State Committee of the Associations. All the acts of the 
State Committee shall be subject to the approval of the 
Section Committee. 

(3) District Committees. The direction and control 
of League matters in each district within the state may be 
placed in charge of a League District Committee, ap- 
pointed annually by the State Committee. All the acts 
of the District Committee shall be subject to the ap- 
proval of the State Committee. 

(4) Every committee shall send to tlie committee 
which appointed it a complete copy of the minutes of its 
meetings within ten days after such meeting. No action 
is authoritative until it is reported. 

(5) It shall 1)6 the aim of every committee to con- 
serve, as far as possil)le, the autonomy, authority, and 
responsibility of the committees which it appoints. 



(6) The chairman and secretary of each committee 
shall be members of the committee which appoints it. 
They shall have collectively one vote. This shall be cast 
by the chairman when he is present ; otherwise by the 
secretary. 

(7) At least two-thirds, and, whenever practicable, 
the total membership of every committee shall l)e active 
members of local Associations in its territory. 

(8) All committees shall be appointed for one year, 
or until their successors are appointed. 

(9) Any committee refusing to act, or acting per- 
versely, may, upon the approval of the Governing Com- 
mittee, be discharged by the appointing committee, and a 
new one be appointed to fill out the unexpired term. 

(id) No committee shall be held responsible for the 
financial obligations of any other committee. 

(ii) No committee shall incur any expense except 
it has sufficient resources in cash or personal guarantees 
to cover such expense. 

Sec. 6. Adviissioii. to Mc'»ibersJiip. 

Any Association eligible to active membership will be 
admitted upon written application (on form provided) to 
the secretary of the Governing Committee, accompanied 
by entrance fee and one annual fee. 

Sec. 7. Fees. 

(i) The membership fee shall be ten dollars, pay- 
able in advance. 

(2) The annual dues shall be five dollars, payable at 
the beginning of each year of membership. 

(3) The membership fee and one annual fee shall 
accompany the application for membership. 

{4) Failure to pay the annual fee on or before one 
year and one month from the entrance of any Association 
into the League shall be considered a withdrawal from the 



League, and a renewal of membership shall be given only 
on the basis of new membership. 

Sec. 8. Expji/sions, etc. 

(i) Any member of this League violating the con- 
stitution or by-laws of the League shall be expelled or 
suspended from membership by the Governing Committee, 
and, if expelled, shall not be eligible for renewal of the 
same for one year. 

(2) Any member that may withdraw or be expelled 
from the League shall return to the proper committee any 
emblems or trophies that may be in its possession, but 
have not become its permanent property. 

(3) Associations or branches or individuals may be 
suspended from participation in all or any games, basket 
ball, football, liowling, etc., for periods not to exceed one 
year, for ungentlemanly or discourteous conduct or playing. 

Sec. 9. Coil dm oils of Conipciitioii. 

(i) Associations must have been members of the 
T^eague for not less than thirty days to make entry for 
championship events. 

(2) Individuals representing Associations must be 
amateurs. They must be bona fide members of Associa- 
tions which they represent, and have been such for not 
less than thirty days preceding the event entered. They 
must not have represented any other Association or 
organization for ninety days preceding that time. No 
member of an Association in the League shall be allowed 
to represent that Association if he has within one year 
represented any other affiliated organization, unless the 
consent of that organization be secured. 

(3) No individual who, while a member of an Asso- 
ciation in this League, shall participate in public athletic 
events on Sunday, shall ])e eligible to compete in League 
events for one year. 



23 

(4) District groups of Associations in the League 
may invite teams representing bodies not eligible to mem- 
bership in the League to join them in competition. Such 
teams may win the competition, but cannot win the Asso- 
ciation district championship or trophy. They do not be- 
come members of the League. 

Sec. id. Amateur: Definition. 

(i) An amateur is a person who has never competed 
in an open competition, or for money, or under a false 
name, or knowingly with a professional for a prize, or 
with a professional where gate money is charged ; nor 
has at any time taught, pursued as a means of livelihood 
or assisted at athletic exercises for money, or for any 
valuable consideration. But nothing in this definition 
shall be construed to prohibit the competition between 
amateurs for medals, cups, or other prizes than money. 

To prevent any misunderstanding in reading the 
above the League draws attention to the following explan- 
ations and adjudications: 

(A) An athlete has forfeited his right to compete as 
an amateur, and has thereby become a professional, 
by- 

[ii) Ever having competed in an open competition ; 
that is, a competition the entries to which are open to 
all, irrespective as to whether the competitors are 
amateurs or professionals, and whether such compe- 
tition be for a prize or not, in any athletic exercises, 
namely, base ball, rowing, cricket, etc. 

{b) Ever having competed for money in any athletic 
exercise. 

{c) Ever having competed under a false name in 
any athletic exercise. 

{d) Ever having knowingly competed with a pro- 
fessional for a prize, or with a professional where gate 



24 



money is charged, in any athletic exercise, excepting 
as qualified in paragraph C, clause^. 

(e) Ever having taught or pursued as a means of 
livelihood any athletic exercise. 

(/) Ever having directly or indirectly accepted or 
received remuneration for engaging in any athletic 
exercise. 

{o-) Ever having directly or indirectly sold a prize. 

(B) An athlete shall forfeit his right to compete as 
an amateur, and shall thereby become a professional, if 
he shall — 

(a) Directly or indirectly receive payment for train- 
ing or coaching any other person in any athletic ex- 
ercise. 

(/?) Directly or indirectly receive payment for serv- 
ices personally rendered in teaching any athletic ex- 
ercise. 

(c) Directly or indirectly receive payment for serv- 
ices rendered as referee, judge, umpire, scorer, man- 
ager, director, or in any other capacity at any pro- 
fessional exhibition or contest of any athletic exercise 
whatsoever. 

Note. Nothing herein shall be construed to pro- 
hibit the acceptance by any amateur of his necessary 
travelling expenses incurred as referee, judge, umpire, 
scorer, or starter, in going to and from the place of 
any amateur contest. 

{(/) Directly or indirectly run, manage, or direct, 
for prospective personal profit, any exhibition or con- 
test. 

(C) An amateur shall not forfeit his right to com- 
pete as an amateur, and shall not become a professional, 
by- 

(</) Receiving compensation for services rendered 
as ticket taker or ticket seller at any contest or ex- 
hibition of amateur athletics. 



25 

{/)) Receiving compensation as editor, correspond- 
ent, or reporter of or contributor to any sporting, 
athletic, or other paper or periodical. 

(c) Running, managing, or directing, for prospect- 
ive profit, any sporting, athletic, or other paper or 
periodical. 

(d) Receiving compensation for services personally 
rendered as official handicapper, under the direction 
and authority of any amateur athletic association. 

(e) Receiving from a club of vv'hich he is a mem- 
ber the amount of his expenses necessarily incurred 
in travelling to and from the place of any amateur 
contest. 

(/) Nothing in this rule shall be so construed as 
to make a man a professional who has played on a 
college or Association team against a professional 
team. 

(2) Reinstatements, expulsions, and suspensions may 
be made by the Governing Committee only. 

Sec. II. Saticticms. 

(i) All games, benefits, entertainments, exhibitions, 
basket ball games, bowling games, football games, etc., 
•where athletes from more than one organization appear, 
must be sanctioned by the Governing Committee. This 
goes into effect March i, 1897. 

(2) Permanent handicappers shall be appointed by 
the Section Committees, subject to approval by the Gov- 
erning Committee. 

Sec. 12. Prizes. 

(i) No money prize shall be given. 

(2) No individual prize shall be given representing 
over fifteen dollars in value. 

(3) Team championship emblems shall be the prop- 
ertv of the Association, not of the men winning them. 



26 



Sec. 13. Athletic Records. 

(i) Records of the best performances in the follow- 
ing list of events will be accepted under the conditions 
specified at the end of the list : 

(A) Outdoor Events. 
Runs. 

1. 50 yard run. 

2. 75 " 

3. 100 " " 

4. T50 " 

5. 200 " " 

6. 220 " 

7. 300 " 

8. 440 " " 

9. 880 " 

TO. I mile run. 

11. 2 " " 

12. 5 " 

13. 120 yard hurdle, 10 flights, 3 ft. 6 in. 
luirdles. 

14. 220 yard hurdle, 10 flights. 2 ft. 6 in. 
luirdles. 

jfiDnps. 

15. Standing broad jump. 

16. 2 standing broad jumps. 

17. 3 

1 8. Standing high jump. 

19. " X hop, step, and jump. 

20. Running broad jump. 

21. " high jump. 

22. " hop, step and jump. 

23. Pole vault for height. 

24. •' " " distance. 



27 



IVei^hts. 



25. 12 pound hammer without turn. 

26. 12 " " with •' 

27. 16 " " " " 

28. Putting the 12 pound shot. 

29. " " 16 " " 

S^vimming. 

30. 25 yard race. 

31. 50 " 

32. 75 " 

34. X mile " 

35- K " " 

36. % " " 

-37. I " " 

(B) Indoor Events. 



Jumps. 


r 


Standing broad jump. 


3 


" high jump. 
2 standing broad jumps. 


4 
5 
6 

7 


3 

Standing hop, step, and jump. 
Running high jump. 
" " dive. 


8 

9 
10 


" " jump from springboard 
" dive from springboard. 
" long dive. 


11 


Fence vault. 


12 
13 


Running high kick. 

" hitch and kick. 


14 


Double kick. 


15 


Pole vault for height. 



28 

A'lnis. 



i6. 


% 


mile run. 


17- 


y^ 


u u 


i8. 


H 


" 


19. 


I 


(( (( 


20. 


Potato race, 


Uenei; 


■i/. 





21. 18 foot rope climb. 

22. Putting 12 pound shot. 

23. " 16 pound shot. 

(2) Records shall be made under the following con- 
ditions : Every contestant shall have qualified. This must 
be done either in the Pentathlon or Indoor Test. 

To qualify in the Pentathlon, the athlete must secure 
a total of 200 points; score at least 50 points in the mile 
run, and score at least zero in every event. 

To qualify in the indoor test, the contestant must 
secure not less than 65 points (see Indoor Test, rules 13 
and 20), and must score at least 15 points in the potato 
race. 

The physical director must send a certified record of 
the score, with twenty-five cents, to the secretary of the 
Governing Committee, who shall then register the name 
and give the contestant a number by which he shall in 
the future be known in all League athletic games. 

(3) The conditions of competition must have been 
complied with both by the individual and the Association 
of which the individual is a member. Thef>e are : He 
must be an amateur ; must have been a member of that 
branch not less than thirty days ; must not have repre- 
sented any other affiliated organization within ninety 
days ; must not have represented any other affiliated or- 
ganization within one year unless that organization shall 
have given him written release. 



29 



The Association must have been a member of this 
League not less than thirty days (see by-law No. 9.) 

(4) All records must be made at games held by 
Associations within this League, and under the rules of 
the League. Score will be accepted made at examina- 
tions held prior to December 31, 1896. even without 
sanction. Certified score must be sent to the secretary 
of the Governing Committee, with ten cents, for every 
event to be recorded. Blanks will be furnished by the 
(ioverning Committee. These records will then be filed 
and published as the records of that Association. The 
I)est in each district shall be the district records ; the best 
in each state, the state records; the best in each section, 
the section records ; the best on record shall be the 
American record. Indoor running records must specify 
the number of laps to the mile of the track on which the 
record was made. No performance which record is of 
time shall be accepted as the American record or as the 
section record unless timed by at least three official time- 
keepers ; and no performance which record is of distance 
or height shall be accepted unless measured by at least 
three field judges. The Governing Committee shall in- 
vestigate every performance to which their attention is 
called, and which is claimed as either the American or 
section records, and shall be empowered in their dis- 
cretion to reject any record which shall not be supported 
by the affidavits of at least six witnesses, including the 
officials, certifying as to the place, time of day, state of 
the weather, condition of path or field or floor, force and 
direction of wind, level or grade of grounds, weight, 
measurement, and material of implement, and correct- 
ness of announced time or distance. 

(5) Individual Championships. Committees shall 
make arrangements for championships in their territory 
in such events and at such times and places as they may 
deem wise. 



30 

(6) Athletic Team Chanipionships. In competitions 
between Associations in outdoor events, the League rec- 
ognizes that Association as champion whose team scores 
the greatest number of total points in the following five 
events, 5 being given to the tirst in each event, 3 to sec- 
ond, and I to third : 

1. I co-yard dash. 

2. 12-pound hammer throw. 

3. Running high jump. 

4. Pole vault. 

5. Mile run. 

District, state, or section certified score must be sent 
by the secretary of the Governing Committee to the sec- 
retary of the committee under whose auspices the games 
were held. Athletes must all have qualified. Conditions 
outlined in by-law No. 9 shall all have been complied 
with. 

(7) All-Ron /id Champions. The League will recog- 
nize district, state, section and American championships 
in the Pentathlon. The score must have been made at 
duly sanctioned games held according to the Pentathlon 
rules of the Governing Committee. Duly certified score 
must be sent, with twenty-five cents, to the secretary of 
the Governing Committee, on special blanks which he 
will furnish. He will issue a suitable certificate, ofiicially 
signed, to the athlete. 

Sec. 14. Protests. 

All protests against any entered competitor must be 
made in writing to the games committee or any member 
thereof before the meeting, or verbally to the referee 
during the meeting. If possible, the committee or referee 
shall decide such protests at once. If the nature of the 
protest or the necessity of obtaining testimony prevents 
an immediate decision, the competitor shall be allowed to 



31 

compete under protest, and the protest shall be decided 
by the games committee within one week, unless its sub- 
ject be the amateur standing of the competitor, in which 
case the games committee must report such protest 
within forty-eight hours to the secretary of the Governing 
Committee. 

(2) All protests, except in regard to interpretation 
of rules and amateur standing, shall be decided by the 
committee or referee to whom they are made as provided. 

(3) All protests concerning the interpretation of 
rules or amateur standing shall be referred to and decided 
by the Governing Committee. 

Sec. 15. Amejtd/nt'fifs. 

Amendments to these by-laws may be made by the 
Governing Committee only. 



ARTICLES OF ALLIANCP: 

15ETWEEN THE 

ATHLETIC LEACUE OF YOUNG MEN'S 

CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATIONS OF 

NORTH AMERICA 

AND THE 

AMATEUR ATHLETIC UNION. 



Article I. 



At all meetings of the Amateur Athletic Union the Ath- 
letic League of Young Men's Christian Associations shall 
be entitled to representation l^y not more than four dele- 
gates, or duly elected alternates of such delegates, having 
collectively one vote. 

Article II. 

From among these delegates one shall be chosen to be a 
member of the Board of Governors of the Amateur Ath- 
letic Union, who shall have voice, vote, and privilege 
equal to the other members of said Board upon matters 
coming before it. 

Article III. 

All members of Amateur Athletic Union clubs entering 
Young Men's Christian Association League games shall 
be governed by the rules of the Athletic League of Young 
Men's Christian Associations, but members of Young 
Men's Christian Associations entering any games given 
under the rules of the Amateur Athletic Union shall be 
governed by the rules of the Amateur Athletic Union. 



33 



Article IV. 

No member of any Young Men's Christian Association 
which is enrolled as a member of the Athletic League of 
Young Men's Christian Associations of North America 
shall be allowed to compete for any club in the Amateur 
Athletic Union, provided he has within one year competed 
for such Young Men's Christian Association, except 
the consent of the governing body of such Young Men's 
Christian Association be obtained. 

Article V. 

No member of any Amateur Athletic Union club shall 
be allowed to represent any Young Men's Christian Asso- 
ciation in games of any local branch of the Young Men's 
Christian Association Athletic League, provided he has, 
within one year, competed for any Amateur Athletic 
Union club, excepting with the consent of the Board of 
Governors of the Amateur Athletic Union. 

Article VI. 

Each party to this alliance shall respect and enforce the 
penalties, suspensions, and disqualifications imposed by 
the other party. 

Article VII. 

Only those local Young Men's Christian Associations 
or branches which are enrolled as bona fide members of 
the Athletic League of Young Men's Christian Associa- 
tions shall be entitled to the privileges and protection of 
this affiliation. 

Article VIII. 

These articles of alliance may be terminated by either 
party upon thirty days' written notice to the other. 

For the Amateur Athletic Union, ' 

Harry McMillan, President. 



34 



F'or the Athletic League of the Young Men's Chris- 
tian Associations of North America, 



Frederic B. Pratt, Chairman of 
the Governijtz Committee. 



DELEGATES TO THE AMATEUR ATHLETIC UNION 
FROM THE ATHLETIC LEAGUE OF THE 
YOUNG MEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSO- 
CIATIONS OF NORTH AMERICA. 

Charles E. Patterson, Comptroller's Office, Grand 

Central Station, New York City. 
Paul C. Phillips, M.D., Amherst College, Amherst, 

Mass. 
George W. Ehler, 153 La Salle Street, Chicago, 111. 
Luther Gulick, M.D., Member of Governing Board 

of Amateur Athletic Union, 40 East 23d Street, New 

York City. 



ATHLETIC RULES 

OF THE 

ATHLETIC LEAGUE OF THE YOUNG MEN'S 

CHRISTIAN ASSOC TATIONS OF 

NORTH AMERICA. 



Rule I. Officials. 

All athletic meets, excepting those under Pentathlon 
rules, shall be under the direction of a — 

Committee, 

One referee, 

One or more inspectors. 

Three judges at finish, 

Three or more field judges. 

Three or more timekeepers, 

One starter, 

One clerk of the course, 

One scorer, 

One marshal, 

One official announcer. 
If deemed necessary, assistants may be provided for the 
scorer, marshal, and clerk of the course. 

Rule II. The Games Committee. 

All athletic games must be under the immediate direc- 
tion of a committee of this League, or of one of the Asso- 
ciations in this League. 

This committee shall have jurisdiction over all matters 
not assigned by these rules to the officials. 

They shall make arrangements for the games, grounds, 
officials, expenses, advertising, etc. 



36 

Rule III. The Referee. 

The referee shall decide all questions relating to the 
actual conduct of the meeting whose final settlement is 
not otherwise covered by these rules. 

He alone shall have the power to change the order of 
events as laid clown in the official program, and to add 
to or to alter the announced arrangement of heats in any 
event. A referee has no authority, after heats have been 
duly drawn and published in a programme, to transfer a 
contestant from one heat to another. 

When in any but the final heat of a race a claim of 
foul or interference is made, he shall have the power to 
disqualify the competitor who was at fault, if he con- 
siders the foul intentional or due to culpable carelessness, 
and shall also have the power to allow the hindered com- 
petitor to start in the next round of heats just as if he 
had been placed in his trial. 

When in a final heat a claim of foul or interference is 
made, he shall have the power to disqualify the competitor 
who was at fault, if he considers the foul intentional or 
due to culpable carelessness, and he shall also have the 
power to order a new race between such of the com- 
petitors as he thinks entitled to such a privilege. 

If, during any athletic contest, a competitor conduct 
himself in a manner unbecoming a gentleman, or offensive 
to the ofiicials. spectators, or competitors, the referee 
shall have the power to disqualify him from further 
competition at the meeting; and if he thinks the offense 
worthy of additional punishment, shall promptly make a 
detailed statement of the facts to the Governing Commit- 
tee. 

Rule IV. The Inspectors. 

It shall be the duty of an inspector to stand at such 
point as the referee may designate; to watch the competi- 
tion closely, and in case of a claim of foul to report to the 
referee what hesaw of the incident. 



37 



Such inspectors are merely assistants to the referee, to 
whom they shall report, and have no power to make any 
decisions. 

Rule V. The Judges at Finish 

shall determine the order of finishing of contestants, and 
shall arrange among themselves as to noting the winner, 
second, third, fourth, etc., as the case may require. 

Their decision in this respect shall be without appeal, 
and in case of disagreement a majority shall govern. 

Rule VI. The Field Judges 

shall make an accurate measurement, and keep a tally of 
all competitors in the high and broad jumps, the pole 
vault, and the weight competitions. 

They shall act as judges of these events, and their de- 
cision shall likewise be without appeal. In case of dis- 
agreement a majority shall govern. 

Rule VII. The Timekeepers 

shall be three in number. They shall individually time 
all events where time record is required, and determine 
among themselves and announce the official time of each 
heat or race. 

Should two of the three watches mark the same time 
and the third disagree, the time marked by the two 
watches shall be accepted. Should all three disagree, the 
time marked by the intermediate watch shall be accepted. 

The flash of the pistol shall denote the actual time of 
starting. If, for any reason, only two watches record the 
time of an event, and they fail to agree, the longer time 
of the two shall be accepted. 

Note. — For record, however, the event must be timed 
by three watches. See by-laws, section 13, paragraph 4. 



38 



Rule VIII. The Starter 
shall have sole jurisdiction over the competitors after the 
clerk of the course has properly placed them in their 
positions for the start. 

The method of starting shall be by pistol report, except 
that in time handicap races the word " go " shall be used. 

An actual start shall not be effected until the pistol has 
h&en purposely discharged after the competitors have been 
warned to get ready. 

When any part of the person of a competitor shall touch 
the ground in front of his mark before the starting signal is 
given it shall be considered a false start. 

Penalties for false starting shall be inflicted by the 
starter as follows : 

In all races up to and including 125 yards, the com- 
petitor shall be put back one yard for the first and another 
yard for the second attempt; in races over 125 yards and 
including 300 yards, two yards for the first and two more 
for the second attempt ; in races over 300 yards and in- 
cluding 600 yards, three yards for the first and three more 
for the second attempt; in races over 600 yards and in- 
cluding 1,000 yards, four yards for the first and four more 
for the second attempt; in races over 1,000 yards and in- 
cluding one mile, five yards for the first and five more for 
the second attempt ; in all races over one mile, ten yards 
for the first and ten more for the second attempt. In all 
cases the third false start shall disqualify the offender 
from that event. 

The starter shall also rule out of that event any com- 
petitor who attempts to advance himself from his mark, 
as prescribed in the ofiicial program, after the clerk of 
the course has assigned him his place. 

Rule IX. The Clerk of the Course 
shall be provided with the names and the numbers of all 
entered competitors, and shall notify them to appear at 



39 

the starting line before the start in each event in which 
they are entered. 

In case of handicap events from marks, he sliall place 
each competitor behind his proper mark; shall imme- 
diately notify the starter should any competitor attempt to 
advance himself after the starter has warned them to "get 
ready;" and in time allowance handicaps shall furnish 
the starter with the number and time allowance of each 
actual competitor. 

He shall control his assistants, and assign to them their 
duties. 

Rule X. The Scorer 

shall record the order in which each competitor finishes 
his event, together with he time furnished him by the 
timekeepers. 

He shall keep a tally of the laps made by each com- 
petitor in races covering more than one lap, and shall 
announce by means of a bell, or otherwise, when the lead- 
ing man enters the last lap. 

He shall control his assistants, and assign to them their 
duties. 

Rule XI. The Marshal 

shall have full police charge of the enclosure, and shall 
prevent any but officials and actual competitors from 
entering or remaining therein. 

He shall control his assistants, and assign to them their 
duties. 

Rule XII. The Officl\l Announcer 

shall receive from the scorer and field judges the result 
of each event, and announce the same by voice or by 
means of a bulletin board. 

Rule XIII. Competitors 

shall report to the clerk of the course immediately 
upon their arrival at the place of meeting, and shall be 



4o 

provided by that official with their proper numbers, which 
must be worn conspicuously by the competitors when 
competing, and without which they shall not be allowed 
to start. 

Each competitor shall inform himself of the time of 
starting, and shall be promptly at the starting point of 
each competition in which he is entered, and there report 
to the clerk of the course. 

Under no condition shall any attendants be allowed to 
accompany competitors at the start or during any com- 
petition, except in match races where special agreement 
may be made. 

Rule XIV. Tr.\ck Measurement. 

All distances run or walked shall be measured upon a 
ine eighteen inches outward from the inner edge of the 
track, except that in races on sti-aightaway tracks the dis- 
tance shall be measured in a direct line from the starting 
mark to the finishing line. 

Rule XV. The Course. 

Each competitor shall keep in his respective position 
from start to finish in all races on straightaway tracks, 
and in all races on tracks with one or more turns he shall 
not cross to the inner edge of the track, except when he is 
at least six feet in advance of his nearest competitor. 
After turning the last corner into the straight in any race, 
each competitor must keep a straight course to the finish 
line, and not cross, either to the outside or the inside, in 
front of any of his opponents. 

In all championship races, at any distance under and 
including 220 yards, each competitor shall have a separate 
course, properly roped, staked, and measured, whether the 
race be run on a straight path or around one or more 
curves. 



4T 



The referee shall disqualify from that event any compet- 
itor who wilfully pushes against, impedes, crosses the course 
of, or in any way interferes with, another competitor. 

The referee shall disqualify from further participation 
in the games any contestant competing in order to lose, 
to coach, or to in any way impede the chances of another 
competitor either in a trial or final contest. 

Rule XVI. The Finish • 

of the course shall be represented by a line between two 
finishing posts, drawn across and at right angles to the 
sides of the track, and three feet above which line shall be 
placed a tape attached at either end to the finishing posts. 
A finish shall be counted when any part of the winner's 
body, except his hands or arms, shall touch the tape at 
the finish line. The tape is to be considered the finishing 
line for the winner, but the order of finishing across the 
track line shall determine the positions of the other com- 
petitors. 

Rule XVII. Hurdles. 

In the 1 20 yards hurdle race ten hurdles shall be used* 
each hurdle being three feet six inches high. They shall 
be placed ten yards apart, with the first hurdle fifteen 
yards distant from the starting point, and the last hurdle 
fifteen yards before the finishing line. In the 220 yards 
hurdle race ten hurdles shall be used, each hurdle to be 
two feet six inches high. They shall be placed twenty 
yards apart, with the first hurdle twenty yards distant 
from the starting mark, and the lagt hurdle twenty yards 
before the finishing line. 

In making a record it shall be necessary for the com- 
petitor to jump over every hurdle in its proper position. 

In all championship hurdle races each competitor shall 
have separate hurdles and a separate course marked out 
and measured independently, whether races are run 
straightaway or with turns. 



42 

Rule XVIII. Ties. 

In all contests whose results are determined by measure- 
ment of height or distance, ties shall be decided as fol- 
lows : 

In handicap contests the award shall be given to the 
competitor who received the least allowance. In case of 
a tie between two or more competitors who received the 
samg allowance, the decision shall be made as in scratch 
contests. 

In case of a tie in a scratch contest at high jumping or 
vaulting, the tieing competitors shall have three additional 
trials at the height last tried, and, if still undecided, the 
bar shall be lowered to the height next below, and three 
trials taken at that height. If no one clears it, the bar 
shall be lowered again and again until one of the com- 
petitors clears it. In case of a second tie, the award shall 
be given to the competitor who cleared the bar with the 
least number of trials. 

In case of a tie in a scratch contest at any game de- 
cided by distance, each of the tieing competitors shall 
have three additional trials, and the award shall be made 
in accordance with the distances cleared in these additional 
trials. In case of a second tie three more trials shall be 
allowed, and so on, until a decision is reached. In case 
of a dead heat in any track events, the competitors shall 
not be allowed to divide the prize or points, or to toss for 
them, but must compete again at a time and place ap- 
pointed by the referee. 

Rule XIX. Order of CoMPETnioN. 

In all scratch events the competitors shall take their trials 
in the order of their names as printed in the program. 

In all handicap events the competitor having the great- 
est allowance shall make the first trial, and so on, in reg- 
ular order, up to the competitor at scratch or with least 
allowance, who shall have the last trial. 



43 



Rule XX. Jumpinc;. 

Section i. A fair jump shall be one that is made 
without the assistance of weights, diving, somersaults, or 
hand springs of any kind. 

Sec. 2. 7/ie Riniimig Hii^h Jump. The stick shall be 
started as nearly as possible to three feet six inches from the 
ground, and shall be raised thereafter two inches at a time. 
Displacing the bar is a failure. Each contestant shall be 
allowed but ten jumps. No contestant shall be allowed 
more than three jumps at any height. Contestants shall 
jump in regular order, as called for by the judge. A con- 
testant may omit his jump at any height, but cannot in 
any case try a height after once having passed it. The 
jump shall be made over a square bar. Two balks shall 
count as one failure, and thus be one of the ten jumps 
called for. It is a balk if the contestant crosses a line six 
feet from and parallel with the posts. The jump shall 
be made over a bar resting on pins projecting not more 
than three inches from^ the uprights. When this bar is 
removed from its place it shall be counted as a failure. 

Sec. 3. The Standing High Jump. The feet of the 
competitor may be placed in any position, but shall leave 
the ground only once in making an attempt to jump. 
When the feet are lifted from the ground twice, or two 
springs are made in making the attempt, it shall count as 
a trial jump without result. A competitor may rock for- 
ward and back, lifting heels and toes alternately from the 
ground, l:)ut may not lift either foot clear from the ground 
or slide it along the ground in any direction. 1'he bar 
shall be started at two feet nine inches, and shall be raised 
thereafter one inch at a time. With these exceptions the 
rules governing the Running High Jump shall also govern 
the Standing High Jump. 

Sec. 4. The Running Broad Jump. When jumped 
on earth a joist five inches wide shall be sunk flush with 
it. The outer edge of this joist shall be called the scratch 



44 



line, and the measurement of all jumps shall be made 
from it at right angles to the nearest break in the ground 
made by any part of the person of the competitor. In 
front of the scratch line the ground shall be removed to 
the depth of three and the width of twelve inches outward. 
A foul jump shall be one where the competitor in jump- 
ing off the scratch line makes a mark on the ground im- 
mediately in front of it, or runs over the line without 
jumping, and shall count as a trial jump without result. 
Each competitor shall have three trial jumps, and the 
best three shall each have three more trial jumps. The 
competition shall be decided by the best of all the trial 
jumps of the competitors. The distance of the run be- 
fore the scratch line shall be unlimited. 

Sec. 5. The Pole Vault. Poles shall be furnished by 
the club giving the games, but contestants may use their 
private poles if they so desire, and no contestant shall be 
allowed to use any of these private poles except by the 
consent of its owner. The poles shall be unlimited as to 
size and weight, but shall have no assisting devices, except 
that they may be wound or wrapped with any substance 
for the purpose of affording a firmer grasp, and may have 
one prong at the lower end. No competitor shall during 
his vault raise the hand which was uppermost when he 
left the ground to a higher point of the pole, nor shall he 
raise the hand which was undermost when he left the 
ground to any point on the pole al)ove the other hand. 
Any competitor who uses a pole without a spike shall be 
allowed to dig a hole not more than one foot in diameter 
at the take-off in which to plant his pole. The stick shall 
be started at six feet, and shall be raised thereafter four 
inches each time. In pole vaulting indoors the run shall 
be limited to thirty-one feet. With these additions, the 
rules governing the Running High Jump shall also govern 
the I'ole Vault for height, and the rules governing the 



Running Broad Jump shall also govern the Pole \'ault 
for distance. 

Sec. 6. The Standing Broad Jump. The feet of the 
competitor may be placed in any position, but shall leave 
the ground only once in making an attempt to jump. 
When the feet are lifted from the ground twice, or two 
springs are made in makmg the attempt, it shall count as 
a trial jump without result. A competitor may rock for- 
ward and back, lifting heels and toes alternately from the 
ground, but may not lift either foot clear of the ground, 
or slide it along the ground in any direction. In all other 
respects the rule governing the Running Broad Jump 
shall also govern the Standing Broad Jump. 

Skc. 7. IVie 77/ri'e Standi)ig Broad Jumps. The feet 
of the competitor shall leave the ground only once in 
making an attempt for each of the three jumps, and no 
stoppage between jumps shall be allowed. In all other 
respects the rules governing the Standing Broad Jump 
shall also govern the Three Standing Broad Jumps. 

Sec. 8. The Tiuo Standing Broad Jnmps. The rules 
as outlined for three jumps shall govern, except that the 
individual shall take but two jumps. 

Sec. 9. Standing Hvp, Step, and Jump. The contest- 
ant shall stand upon one foot ; shall spring therefrom, 
alighting upon the same. He shall then take a step and 
then a jump. With this exception, the rule for the Three 
Broad Jumps shall apply. 

Sec. 10. Running Hop, Step, and Junip. The competi- 
tor shall first land upon the same foot with which he 
shall have taken off. The reverse foot shall be used for 
the second landing, and both feet shall be used for the 
third landing. In all other respects the rules governing 
the Running Broad Jump shall also govern the Running 
flop, Step, and Jump. 

Sec. II. Runniwj P/i^h JJivc. The contestant shall 



46 



spring from the floor, pass head foremost- over the stick. 
He may land on the floor or be caught by an assistant. 

Si:c. 12. Kitiining HigJi Jump f7'oin Springboard. The 
highest point of the springboard shall not be more than 
twenty inches from the floor. In all other respects the 
rules governing the Running High Jump shall count. 

Sec. 13. Running Pligh Dive from Springboard. With 
the springboard as specified under Running High Jump 
from springboard. In other respects the rules for the 
Running High Dive shall apply. 

Sec. 14. RtuiJiing Long Dive. 'i'he contestant, in 
alighting, shall strike his hands first, and shall then do 
a forward roll. In all other respects the rules for the 
Running Broad Jump shall guide. 

Rule XXI. Puttinc the Shot. 

The shot shall be a solid sphere, made of metal. 

It shall be put with one hand, and in making the at- 
tempt it shall be above and not behind the shoulder. 

The competitor shall stand in a circle seven feet in 
diameter, and this circle shall be divided into two halves 
l)y a line drawn through its centre. In the middle of the 
circumference of the front half shall be placed a stop- 
board four feet long, four inches high, and firmly fastened 
to the ground. In making his puts, the feet of the com- 
petitor may rest against but not on the top of this board. 

A fair put shall be one in which no part of the person 
of the competitor touches the top of the stop-board or 
the ground outside the circle, and the competitor leaves 
the circle by its rear half. A put shall be foul if any part 
of the person of the competitor touch the ground outside 
the front half of the circle before the put is measured. 

The measurement of each put shall be from the nearest 
mark made by the fall of the shot to the circumference 
of the circle on a line from the mark made by the shot to 
the centre of the circle. 



47 



Foul puts and letting go the shot in making an attempt 
shall be counted as trial puts without result. 

A board similar to the one in front may be used at the 
back of the circle. 

The order of competing and number of trials shall be 
the same as for the Running Broad Jump. vShots shall 
be furnished by the games committee. Any contestant 
may use his private shot, if correct in weight and shape, 
in which case the other contestants must also be allowed 
to use it if they wish. 

Rule XXII. Throwing the Hammers with Turn. 

Section i. The head and handle may be of any size, 
shape and material, provided that the length of the com- 
plete implement shall not be more than four feet and its 
weight not less than twelve and sixteen pounds. 

The competitor may assume any position he chooses, 
and use either one or both hands. 

All throws shall be made from a circle seven feet in 
diameter, and this circle shall be divided into two halves 
by a line drawn through its centre. 

A fair throw shall be one in which no part of the per- 
son of the competitor touches the ground outside the 
circle, and the competitor leaves the circle by its rear half. 
A throw shall be foul if any part of the person of the 
competitor touch the ground outside the front half of 
the circle before the throw is measured. 

Foul throws and letting go of the hammer in an at- 
tempt shall count as trial throws. 

The measurement of each throw shall be from the 
nearest mark made by the fall of the head of the hammer 
to the circumference of the circle, on a line from the mark 
made by the head of the hammer to the centre of the 
circle. 

The number of trials and methods of decision shall be 
the same as in the Running Broad Jump. 



48 



Hammers shall be furnished by the games committee. 
.Any contestant may use his private hammer, if correct in 
weight and length, in which case the other contestants 
must also be allowed to use it if they wish. 

Sec. 2. TJiroiving tJie Hammer Without Turn. The 
throw shall be made under all the conditions outlined in 
Throwing the Hammer with Turn, except that : The body 
of the contestant shall not make more than half a turn 
during the preliminary swings or the throw itself. 

Rule XX III. Swtmminc;. 

SECriON I. Ofificials shall consist of one referee, three 
judges at the finish, three timekeepers, one starter, one 
clerk of the course, with assistants, if necessary. 

Sec. 2. Duties and powers of these officials shall be 
the same as is prescribed for them in the foregoing Rules. 

Sec. 3. Competitors may start from the shore or from 
the water. If from the shore, each competitor shall stand 
with one or both feet on the starting line, and, when the 
signal is given, shall plunge. Stepping back either before 
or after the signal will not be allowed. If from the 
water (tread water start), he shall start from an imaginary 
line. 

Sec. 4. Each competitor shall keep a straight course, 
parallel with the courses of the other competitors, from 
his starting station to the opposite point in the finish line. 
Competitors will be started ten feet apart, and each one 
is entitled to a straight lane of water, ten feet wide, from 
start to finish. Any contestant who, when out of his own 
water, shall touch another competitor, is liable to dis- 
qualification from that event, subject to the discretion of 
the referee. 

Sec. 5. Each competitor shall have finished the race 
when any part of his person reaches the finish line. 

Sec. .6. In swimming in a tank, all records shall 
specify the number of turns in covering the distance. 



49 



Rile XXIV. Rope Climbing. 

Seciion I. The rope, measured from the floor to a 
tambourine or bell fastened above, shall be eighteen feet. 

Sec. 2. The start shall be by a pistol shot, and the 
time taken when the contestant strikes the bell or tam- 
bourine. 

Sec. 3. Each contestant shall sit on the floor, with 
legs extended in front, and shall not touch the floor with 
any part of his person after the pistol shot. 

Sec. 4. Each contestant shall be allowed but one 
trial. 

Rule XXV. Vaulting. 

Fence Vault. A mattress shall be suspended from the 
bar. The contestant shall stand on the floor. In making 
the spring, his heels shall leave the floor but once. There 
must be no stop in the motion of the trunk until the floor 
is reached. X'o part of the person must touch the sus- 
pended mattress. No part of the person, excepting the 
hands, shall touch the bar. 

Rule XXVI. Kicking. 

Section i. Riiu)ii)ig High Kick. The contestant 
must spring from the floor, and his foot must kick the 
tambourine. 

Sec. 2. RjDiiiing Hitch and Kick. The contestant 
must kick the tambourine with the same foot from which 
the spring is made. He must alight upon the same foot, 
and make at least two complete hops before touching any- 
thing with any other part of his person. 

Sec. 3. Double Kick. Should be done the same as 
the High Kick, excepting that both feet must touch the 
tambourine during the same kick. 



I'EXTATHLON RULES. 



Luther Gidick, M.D. 



I. Events. 



The events shall be the too yard run, throwing a 12 
pound hammer, running high jump, pole vaulting for 
height, and i mile run. 

II. Okficers. 

The meeting shall be under the direction of a referee, 
clerk of the course, judge of jumping, judge of pole vault- 
ing, judge of hammer throwing, judge of 100 yard run, 
judge of mile run, not less than three timers, one starter, 
one scorer, a marshal, and an official reporter. 

There shall be as many assistants to these officers as 
the referee may determine and appoint. 

III. Duties of Officers. 

Section i. The Referee shall have general direction 
of the games, and shall have final authority in all ques- 
tions of dispute. He shall also appoint as many assist- 
ants to any officer as in his judgment are required. Or- 
dinarily there should be one assistant to each of the 
judges of jumping, vaulting, and hammer throwing for 
every ten contestants, and as many assistants in the dash 
as there are men to be run in a heat. 

Sec. 2. TJie Clerk of the Course shall furnish a num- 
ber to each competitor by which he shall be known. He 
shall form the contestants into groups of not more than 
ten, and shall place in charge of each group an assistant. 
It shall be the duty of this assistant to see that the men 



51 



under his care go through all the work without undue 
delay between events. He shall keep each contestant 
absolutely within his group. 

Sec. 3. The Jiidge for each event shall have, under the 
referee, full charge in his department. He shall be re- 
sponsible to see that all men put in his care are carried 
through the event fairly and as expeditiously as possible. 
Upon the completion of any event by a contestant the 
judge shall at once give his number to the assistant clerk 
in whose charge he is, and also give his number and score 
to the scorer. 

Sec. 4. The Stai'ter shall control the competitors at 
the mark. No appeal shall be made from his decisions as 
to whether a start was made before the pistol report or 
not. In the 100 yard dash a false start shall put the run- 
ner back one yard, a second false start an additional yard, 
and a third false start shall disqualify the runner for that 
event. 

Sec. 5. TJie Judge in Hammer TJirozuing shall meas- 
ure each throw and record the same with the name of 
the competitor who made it. He shall be judge as to 
whether the hammer was thrown in accord with the rules, 
and shall report to the scorer the best record made by 
each contestant as soon as possible after the close of the 
event. 

Sec. 6. Tlie Judge of Running High Jump shall meas- 
ure the best jump of each contestant, shall judge as to 
the fairness of any jump, shall keep record of and report 
to the scorer the best fair jump of each contestant 
promptly at the close of the event. 

Sec. 7. 77/(' Judge of Pole Vaulting for height shall 
have the same duties for this event as the judge for run- 
ning high jump. See section 6. 

Sec. 8. fudge of Run. The timers shall give to the 
judge the time made by the leading man of each heat. 
As the leading man of each heat crosses the tape the 



judge shall lire a pistol. In cases where it is of great im- 
portance that there be no misfire, it is recommended that 
the judge use two pistols, one with each hand. There 
shall be an assistant for each man in the heat. It shall 
be his duty to mark, as accurately as possible, the exact 
location of his man w^hen the pistol is fired. He shall 
hold this mark till it has been taken by the judge. The 
track shall be marked as follows : 



lO 



The line 1-2 is the finish. 

The lines a-b, c-d, e-f, g-h form the lanes in which the 
contestants are to' run. 

The line 3-4 is drawn three feet from the line 1-2; ihe 
lines 5-6, 7-8, 9-10 are drawn at regular intervals of six 
feet. 

Each contestant shall have as mary fifths of a second 
added to the score of the leading man as there are trans- 
verse lines between them when the finish pistol is fired. 
When a man is on a line it is to count as one-half a fifth, 
equivalent to five points. If a man were on the line 5-6 
when the pistol was fired, and the time given was. eleven 
seconds, there is one line between the two men ; this adds 



53 



one-fifth second ; being on the line adds one-tenth more, 
making eleven and three-tenths seconds. If he had been 
just behind this line the score would have been eleven 
and two-fifths seconds, or if just in front, eleven and one- 
fifth seconds. 

Sec. 9. Tiiiters. Not less than three watches shall be 
held on the leading man in each heat. 

Sec. id. The Scorer shall keep a complete list of com- 
petitors and credit each man with his performance, as 
reported to him by the judges or timers of that event. 
He shall also reduce the records of the performance in 
the different events by each individual to the standard 
table, and shall record the number of points made in 
each event by each man. A man passing the upper limit 
in any event shall be credited proportionately. No mark 
less than zero shall be given, even in case the record falls 
below the measure indicated for zero. 

Sec. II. The Reporter '^dXS. keep upon a blackboard, 
suitably prepared, the number of points made by each 
man; shall make announcements to the spectators, and, 
as far as possible, keep them intelligently informed of the 
contest and its progress. 

Sec. 12. The Marshal shall have full police charge, 
and see that spectators are kept in the place assigned to 
them. 

IV. Records. 

Records shall be accepted only for the five stated 
events. Any may be omitted, however, the contestant 
receiving zero in each such event. 

V. Numbers. 

Each competitor shall receive from the clerk of the 
course, and shall fasten upon his person in a conspicuous 
place, a number by which he shall be known in that 
competition. 



54 

VI. Running. 

In races on straight tracks competitors shall keep their 
own positions on the track from start to finish. 

VII. Running High Jump and Pole Vaulting. 

The stick shall be started as nearly as possible to three 
feet and six inches from the ground in the high jump and 
five feet and ten inches in the pole vault. It shall be 
raised thereafter two inches at a time in the high jump 
and four inches in the pole vault. Displacing the bar is 
a failure. Each contestant shall be allowed but ten 
jumps, and not more than three jumps at any one height. 
The best one shall be counted. Contestants shall jump 
in regular order as called for by the judge. A contestant 
may omit his jump at any height, but he cannot in any 
case try a height after once having "passed" it. The 
jump shall be made over a square bar. Two balks shall 
count as one failure, and thus be one of the ten jumps 
called for. It is a balk if the contestant crosses a line 
six feet from and parallel with the posts. The " dive " 
is not allowed. There shall be one set of jump standards 
for every ten contestants. The pole vault standards may 
have any support in which to stick the pole. It must, 
however, be no higher than the surface of the ground. 
Private poles may be used, buj; only by owners or with 
their permission. 

VIII. Throwing the Hammer. 

The hammer shall not be more than four feet in length, 
and shall weigh not less than twelve pounds. Fulfilling 
these conditions, it may be of any size, shape, or ma- 
terial. The hammer shall be thrown from a circle having 
a radius of three and one-half feet. But three attempts 
shall be allowed. An attempt is as follows : When the 



55 



competitor takes his place inside the circle with the ham- 
mer, then lets go of the hammer and the head strikes 
outside of this circle, it is a try. The distance shall be 
measured from the nearest break in the ground caused 
by the hammer head to the nearest point in the circum- 
ference of the circle. A foul shall count as an attempt, 
but shall not be measured. A foul is as follows: When 
a contestant has thrown the hammer, and any portion of 
his person touches the ground outside the line of the 
half circle in the direction of the throw before the dis- 
tance has been measured. No " turn "' is allowed. Private 
hammers may be used, but only by the owners or with 
their permission. 

IX. Rank. 

Every contestant scoring a total of two hundred points 
or over shall be entitled to bronze or third grade, with 
medal having bronze bar and silver pendant. Three hun- 
dred points constitute the lower limit of the silver or 
second grade, with medal having silver bar and pendant, 
and also official certificate. Four hundred points entitle 
contestant to gold, or first grade, with medal having gold 
bar and silver pendant, and also otficial certificate. 

X. Order. 

The events shall begin with the dash and end with the 
mile run. The high jump and hammer throw shall pre- 
cede the pole vault. 

XI. Further Arrangements. 
Further arrangements shall lie made by the referee. 



SCORING TABLE. 



Rank 


100-yd. 
Run, 


12-lb. 
Hammer. 


Runninc: 
Hijih '^ 
Jump. 


Pole Vault. 


1-mile 
Run. 


Rank 




sec. 


ft. 


in. 


ft. in. 


ft. in. 


min 


.sec. 







12 2-5 


50 




3 6 


5 10 


6 


40 





1 




50 


6 


3 6 1-4 


5 10 1-2 


6 


39 


1 


2 




51 




3 6 1-2 


5 11 


6 


38 


2 


3 




51 


6 


3 6 3-4 


5 11 1-2 


6 


37 


3 


4 




52 




3 7 


6 


6 


36 


4 


5 




52 


6 


3 7 1-4 


6 1-2 


6 


35 


5 


6 




53 




3 7 1-2 


6 1 


6 


34 


6 






53 


6 


3 7 3-4 


6 1 1-2 


6 


33 


7 


8 




54 




3 8 


6 2 


6 


32 


8 


9 




54 


6 


3 8 1-4 


6 2 1-2 


6 


31 


9 


10 


12 1-5 


55 




3 8 1-2 


6 3 


6 


30 


10 


11 




55 


6 


3 8 3-4 


6 3 1-2 


6 


29 


11 


12 




56 




3 9 


6 4 


6 


28 


12 


13 




56 


6 


3 9 1-4 


6 4 1-2 


6 


27 


13 


14 




57 




3 9 1-2 


6 5 


6 


26 


14 


15 




57 


6 


3 9 3-4 


6 5 1-2 


6 


25 


15 


16 




58 




3 10 


6 6 


6 


24 


16 


17 




58 


6 


3 10 1-4 


6 6 1-2 


6 


23 


17 


18 




59 




3 10 1-2 


6 7 


6 


22 


18 


19 




59 


6 


3 10 3-4 


6 7 1-2 


6 


21 


19 


20 


12 


60 




3 11 


6 8 


6 


20 


20 


21 




60 


6 


3 11 1-4 


6 8 1-2 


6 


19 


21 


22 




61 




3 11 1-2 


6 9 


6 


18 


22 


23 




61 


6 


3 11 3-4 


6 9 1-2 


6 


17 


23 


24 




62 




4 


6 10 


6 


16 


24 


25 




62 


6 


4 1-4 


6 10 1-2 


6 


15 


25 


26 




63 




4 1-2 


6 11 


6 


14 


26 


27 




63 


6 


4 3-4 


6 11 1-2 


6 


13 


27 


28 




64 




4 1 


7 


6 


12 


28 


29 




64 


6 


4 1 1-4 


7 1-2 


6 


11 


29 


30 


11 4-5 


65 




4 1 1-2 


7 1 


6 


10 


30 


31 




65 


6 


4 1 3-4 


7 1 1-2 


6 


9 


31 


32 




66 




4 2 


7 2 


6 


8 


32 


33 




66 


6 


4 _' 1-4 


7 2 1-2 


6 


7 


33 


34 




67 




4 2 1-2 


7 3 


6 


6 


34 


35 




67 


6 


4 2 3-4 


7 3 1-2 


6 


5 


35 


36 




68 




4 3 


7 4 


6 


4 


36 


37 




68 


6 


4 3 1-4 


7 4 1-2 


6 


3 


37 


38 




69 




4 3 1-2 


7 5 


6 


2 


38 


39 




69 


6 


4 3 3-4 
4 4 


7 5 1-2 


6 


1 


39 


40 


11 3-5 


70 




7 6 


6 




40 


41 




70 


6 


4 4 1-4 


7 6 1-2 


5 


59 


41 


42 




71 




4 4 1-2 


7 7 


5 


58 


42 


43 




71 


6 


4 4 3-4 


7 7 1-2 


o 


57 


43 


44 




72 




4 5 


7 8 


5 


56 


44 


45 




72 


6 


4 5 1-4 


7 8 1-2 


5 


55 


45 


46 




73 




4 5 1-2 


7 9 


5 


54 


46 


47 




73 


6 


4 5 3 4 


7 9 1-2 


5 


53 


47 


48 




74 




4 6 


7 10 


5 


52 


48 


49 




74 


6 


4 6 1-4 


7 10 1-2 


5 


51 


49 



SI 



SCORING TABLE — Continued. 



Rank 



100-yd. 12-lb. 
Run. Hammer. 



Running 

High 
Jump. 



Pole Vault. 



Rank 





sec. 


ft. 


in. 


ft. in. 


ft. in. 


min 


sec. 




50 


11 2-5 


75 




4 6 1-2 


7 11 


5 


50 


50 


51 




75 


(> 


4 C. 3-4 


7 11 1-2 


5 


49 


51 


52 




76 




4 7 


8 


5 


48 


52 


53 




76 


6 


4 7 1-4 


8 1-2 


5 


47 


53 


54 




77 




4 7 1-2 


8 1 


5 


46 


54 


55 




77 


6 


4 7 3-4 


8 1 1-2 


5 


45 


55 


56 




78 




4 8 


8 2 


,5 


44 


56 


57 




78 


6 


4 8 1-4 


8 2 1-2 


5 


43 


57 


58 




79 




4 8 1-2 


8 3 


5 


42 


58 


59 


79 


6 


4 s 3-4 
4 9 


8 3 1-2 


5 


41 


59 


«() 


11 1-5 80 




8 4 


5 


40 


60 


61 


80 


6 


4 9 1-4 


8 4 1-2 


5 


39 


61 


62 


81 




4 9 1-2 


8 5 


5 


38 


62 


63 


81 


6 


4 9 3-4 


8 5 1-2 


5 


37 


63 


64 


82 




4 10 


8 6 


5 


36 


64 


65 


82 


6 


4 10 1-4 


8 6 1-2 


5 


35 


65 


66 


83 




4 10 1-2 


8 7 


5 


34 


66 


67 


,^3 


(> 


4 10 .3-4 


8 7 1-2 


5 


33 


67 


68 


84 




4 11 


8 8 


5 


32 


68 


69 




84 


6 


4 11 1-4 


8 8 1-2 


5 


31 


69 


70 


11 


85 




4 11 \-f. 


8 9 


5 


30 


70 


71 


S5 





4 11 3-4 


8 9 1-2 


5 


29 


71 


72 


86 




■0 


8 10 


5 


28 


72 


73 


86 


6 


5 1-4 


8 10 1-2 


o 


27 


73 


74 


87 




5 1-2 


8 11 


5 


26 


74 


75 


87 


6 


5 3-4 


8 11 1-2 


5 


25 


75 


76 88 




5 1 


9 


5 


24 


76 


77 : 88 


^, 


5 1 1-4 


9 1-2 


5 


23 


77 


78 ! , 89 




5 1 1-2 


9 1 


5 


22 


78 


79 


89 


6 


5 1 3-4 


9 I 1-2 


5 


21 


79 


80 


10 4-5 90 




5 2 


9 2 


5 


20 


80 


81 


90 


(; 


5 2 1^ 


9 2 1-2 


5 


19 


81 


82 


91 




5 2 1-2 


9 3 


5 


18 


82 


83 


91 


6 


5 2 3-4 


9 3 1-2 


5 


17 


83 


84 


i»2 




5 •'! 


9 4 


5 


16 


84 


85 


92 


6 


5 3 1-4 


9 4 1-2 


5 


15 


85 


8(> 


93 




5 3 1-2 


9 5 


5 


14 


86 


87 


; 93 


6 


5 3 3-4 


9 5 1-2 


5 


13 


87 


88 


94 




5 4 


9 6 


5 


12 


88 


89 


94 


6 


5 4 1-4 
5 4 1-2 


9 6 1-2 


5 


11 


89 


90 


10 3-5 95 




9 7 


5 


10 


90 


91 


95 


(; 


5 4 3-4 


9 7 1-2 


5 


9 


91 


92 


96 




5 5 


9 8 


5 


8 


92 


93 


96 


(> 


5 5 1-4 


9 8 1-2 


5 


7 


93 


94 


97 




5 5 1-2 


9 9 


5 


6 


94 


95 


i 97 


6 


5 5 3-4 


9 9 1-2 


5 


5 


95 


90 


' 98 




5 6 


9 10 


5 


4 


96 


97 


98 


(i 


5 6 1-4 


9 10 1-2 


5 


3 


97 


98 


1 99 




5 6 1-2 


9 11 


5 


2 


98 


99 


1 99 


6 


5 6 3-4 


9 11 1-2 


5 


1 


99 


100 


10 2-5 


100 




5 7 


10 


5 




100 



SCORING TABLE. 



Rank 


50-yd. 
Run . 


75-vd. 
Kun. 


150-yd. 
Run. 


200-yd. 
Run. 


220 vd. 
Run. 


Rank 




sec. 


sec. 


sec. 


sec. 


sec. 







6 2-5 


9 1-5 


18 4-5 


25 


27 1-5 





1 












1 


2 












2 
















3 












3 


4 












4 


5 








24 4-5 


•J7 


5 


6 












6 


7 




18 3-5 








S 


1 

1 








8 


9 












9 


10 








24 3-5 


26 4-5 


10 


11 












11 


12 












12 


13 


1 


18 2-5 






13 


14 


' 8 








14 


15 




24 2-5 


26 3-5 


15 


IG 








16 


17 








17 


18 










18 


19 








26 2-5 


19 


20 


6 1-5 , 


1« 1-5" 


24 l-f) 


20 


21 












21 


22 












22 


23 












23 


24 












24 


25 








24 


26 1-5 


25 


26 












26 


27 






17 






27 


28 












28 


29 




8 4-5 








29 


30 








23 4-5 


26 


30 


31 












31 


32 












32 


33 






17 4-5 






33 


34 












34 


35 








23 3-5 


25 4-5 


35 


36 












36 


37 












37 


38 












38 


39 












39 


40 


6 




17 3^5~ 


23 2-5 


25 3-5 


40 


41 












41 


42 












42 


43 




8 3-5 








43 


44 












44 


45 








23 1-5 


25 2-5 


45 


46 












46 


47 






17 2-5 






47 


48 




• 








48 


49 












49 



59 



SCORING TABLE — Continued 



Rank I 


50-vd. 


75-yd. 


150-yd. 


200-vd. 


220-yd. 


Rank 


Run. 


Run. 


Run. 


Run. 


Run. 




sec. 


sec. 


sec. 


sec. 


i 
sec. 




50 








23 


25 1-5 


50 


51 










■ 


51 


52 












52 


53 






17 1-5 






.53 


54 












54 


55 








22 4-5 


25 


55 


56 










1 


56 


57 




8 2-5 








57 


58 












58 


59 













59 


60 


5 4-5 


16 


22 3-5 


24 4-5 


60 


61 












61 


62 












62 


63 












63 


64 












64 


65 








22 2-5 


24 3-5 , 


65 


66 












66 


67 






16 4-5 






67 


68 












(>8 


69 








22~1~5~ 




(i9 


70 








24 2-5 


70 


71 




8 1-5 








71 


72 












72 


73 






16 3-5 






73 


74 








22 




74 










24 1-5 


75 


76 












76 


77 












77 


78 












78 


79 












79 


80 


5 3-5 




16 2-5 


21 4-5 


24 


80 


81 












SI 


82 












82 


83 












83 


84 












84 


85 








21 3-5 


23 4-5 


85 


86 




8 








86 


87 






16 1-5 






87 


88 












88 


89 












89 


90 








21 2-5 


23 3-5 


90 


91 












91 


92 












92 


93 






15 






93 


94 












94 


95 








21 1-5 


23 2-5 


95 


96 












96 


97 












97 


98 












98 


99 












99 


100 


5 2-5 


7 4-5 


15 4-5 


21 


23 1-5 


100 



6o 



SCORING TABLE. 



Rank 


300-vd. 


440-vd. 


880 


-vd. 


2-niile 


5-m 


ile 


Rank 


Run. 


Run. 


Run. 


Run. 


Ru 


n. 




sec. 


8ec. 


min 


sec. 


min. 


sec. 


min. 


sec. 







50 


73 


2 


50 


13 


50 


40 







1 




72 4-5 






13 


48 


39 


54 


1 


2 


49 4-5 


72 3-5 


2 


49 


13 


46 


39 


48 


2 


3 




72 2-5 






13 


44 


39 


42 


3 


4 


49 3-5 


72 1-5 


2 


48 


13 


42 


39 


3G 


4 


5 




72 






13 


40 


39 


30 


5 


G 


49 2-5 


71 4-5 


2 


47 


13 


38 


39 


24 


6 


7 




71 3-5 






13 


36 


39 


18 


7 


8 


49 1-5 


71 2-5 


2 


4G 


13 


34 


39 


12 


8 


!) 




71 1-5 






13 


32 


39 


6 


9 


10 


49 


71 


2 


45 


13 


30 


39 




10 


11 




70 4-5 






13 


28 


38 


54 


11 


12 


48 4-5 


70 3-5 


2 


44 


13 


26 


38 


48 


12 


i;^ 




70 .'-5 






13 


24 


38 


42 


13 


14 


48 3-5 


70 1-5 


2 


43 


13 


22 


38 


36 


14 


15 




70 






13 


20 


38 


30 


15 


IG 


48 2-5 


69 4-5 


2 


42 


13 


18 


38 


24 


16 


17 




G9 3-5 






13 


16 


38 


18 


17 


18 


48 1-5 


69 2-5 


2 


41 


13 


14 


38 


12 


18 


19 




69 1-5 






13 


12 


38 


6 


19 


20 


48 


69 


2 


40 


13 


10 


38 




20 


21 




68 4-5 






13 


8 


37 


54 


21 


22 


47 4-5 


68 3-5 


2 


39 


13 


G 


37 


4S 


22 


23 




68 2-5 






13 


4 


37 


42 


23 


24 


47 3-5 


68 1-5 


2 


3S 


13 


2 


37 


36 


24 


25 




68 






i;! 




37 


30 


25 


2G 


47 2-5 


67 4-5 


2 


37 


12 


58 


37 


24 


2G 


27 




67 3-5 






12 


56 


37 


18 


27 


28 


47 1-5 


67 2-5 


2 


36 


12 


54 


37 


12 


28 


29 




67 1-5 






12 
12 


52 
50 


37 


6 


29 


30 


47 


67 


2 


35 


37 




30 


31 




66 4-5 






12 


48 


36 


54 


31 


32 


4G 4-5 


66 3-5 


2 


34 


12 


4<i 


;«; 


48 


32 


33 




6G 2-5 






12 


44 


3G 


42 


33 


34 


46 3-5 


66 1-5 


2 


33 


12 


42 


36 


36 


34 


35 




()6 






12 


40 


36 


30 


35 


36 


46 2-5 


65 4-5 


2 


32 


12 


38 


3G 


24 


36 


37 




65 3-5 






12 


36 


36 


18 


37 


38 


4G 1-5 


65 2-5 


2 


31 


12 


34 


36 


12 


38 


39 




65 1-5 






12 


32 


36 


G 


39 


40 


46 


65 


2 


30 


12 


30 


36 




40 


41 




64 4-5 






12 


28 


35 


54 


41 


42 


45 4-5 


64 3-5 


2 


:9 


12 


26 


35 


48 


42 


43 




64 2-5 






12 


24 


35 


42 


43 


44 


45 3-5 


64 1-5 


2 


28 


12 


22 


35 


36 


44 


45 




64 






12 


20 


35 


30 


45 


4G 


45 2-5 


63 4-5 


9 


27 


12 


18 


35 


24 


46 


47 




63 3-5 






12 


l(i 


35 


IS 


47 


48 


45 1-5 


63 2-5 


2 


2G 


12 


14 


35 


12 


48 


49 




63 l-o 






12 


12 


35 


6 


49 



6i 



SCORING TABLE-Continued. 



Rank 


300-yd. 
Run. 


440-vd. 
Run. 


880-yd. 
Run. 


2-iuile 
Run. 


5-mile 
Run. 


Rank 




sec. 


sec. 


min. sec. 


min. 


gee. 


min. 


sec. 




50 


45 


63 


2 25 


12 


10 


35 




50 


51 




62 4-5 




12 


8 


34 


54 


51 


52 


44 4-5 


62 3-5 


2 24 


12 


6 


34 


48 


52 


53 




62 2-5 




12 


4 


34 


42 


53 


54 


44 3-5 


62 1-5 


2 23 


12 


2 


34 


36 


54 


55 




62 


12 




34 


30 


55 


56 


44 2-5 


61 4-5 


2 22 


11 


58 


34 


24 


56 


57 




61 3-5 




11 


56 


34 


18 


57 


58 


44 1-5 


61 2-5 


2 21 


11 


54 


34 


12 


58 


5h 




61 1-5 




11 


52 


34 


« 


59 


60 


44 


61 


2 20 


11 


50 


34 




60 


61 




60 4-5 




11 


48 


33 


54 


61 


62 


43 4-5 


60 3-5 


2 19 


11 


46 


33 


48 


62 


63 




60 2-5 




11 


44 


33 


42 


63 


64 


43 3-5 


60 1-5 


2 18 


11 


42 


33 


36 


64 


65 




60 




11 


40 


33 


30 


65 


66 


43 2-5 


59 4-5 


2 17 


11 


38 


33 


24 


66 


67 




5i) 3-5 




11 


36 


33 


18 


t-i7 


68 


43 1-5 


59 2-5 


2 16 


11 


34 


33 


12 


68 


69 




59 1-5 




11 


■62 


33 


6 


69 


70 


43 


59 


2 15 


11 


30 


33 




70 


71 




58 4-5 




11 


28 


32 


54 


71 


72 


42 4-5 


58 3-5 


2 14 


11 


26 


32 


48 


72 


73 




58 2-5 




11 


24 


32 


42 


73 


74 


42 3-5 


58 1-5 


2 13 


11 


22 


32 


36 


74 


75 




58 


11 


20 


32 


30 


75 


76 


42 2-5 


57 4-5 


2 12 


11 


18 


32 


24 


76 






57 3-5 




11 


l(i 


32 


18 


77 


78 


42 1-5 


57 2-5 


2 11 


11 


14 


32 


12 


78 


79 




57 1-5 




11 


12 


32 


6 


79 


80 


42 


57 


2 10 


11 


10 


32 




80 


81 




56 4-"> 




11 


8 


31 


54 


81 


82 


41 4-5 


56 3-5 


2 9 


11 


6 


31 


48 


82 


83 




56 2-5 




11 


4 


31 


42 


8.i 


84 


41 3-5 


56 1-5 


2 8 


11 


2 


31 


36 


84 


85 




56 




11 




31 


30 


85 


86 


41 2-5 


55 4-5 


2 7 


10 


58 


31 


24 


86 


87 




55 3-5 




10 


56 


31 


18 


87 


88 


41 1-5 


55 2-5 


2 6 


10 


54 


31 


12 


88 


8H 




55 1-5 




10 


52 


31 


6 


{■9 


90 


41 


55 


2 5 


10 


50 


31 




90 


91 




54 4-5 




10 


48 


30 


54 


91 


92 


40 4-5 


54 3-5 


2 4 


10 


46 


30 


48 


92 


93 




54 2-5 




10 


44 


30 


42 


93 


94 


40 3-5 


54 1-5 


2 3 


10 


42 


30 
30 


36 
30 


94 


95 




54 




10 


40 


95 


96 


40 2-5 


53 4-5 


2 2 


10 


■6^ 


30 


24 


96 


97 




53 3-5 




10 


3(i 


30 


18 


97 


98 


40 1-5 


53 2-5 


2 1 


10 


34 


30 


12 


98 


99 




53 1-5 




10 


32 


30 


6 


99 


100 


40 


53 


2 


10 


30 


30 




100 



6z 



SCORING TABLE, 



Rank 


120-yd. 
Hurdle 


220-yd. 
Hurdle. 


Standing 
High 
Jump. 


Standing 
Broad 
Junij). 


Running 
Broad 
Jump. 


Rank 




see. 


sec. 


ft. 


in. 


ft. in. 


ft. 


in. 







21 


37 


2 


9 




11 


8 





1 






2 


9 1-4 


(! 1-2 


11 


9 


1 


2 




36 4-5 


2 


9 1-2 


6 1 


11 


10 


2 


3 






2 


\) 3-4 


6 1 1-2 


11 


11 


3 


4 




36 3-5 


2 


10 


6 2 


12 




4 


5 


lolt-5^ 




2 


10 1-4 


6 2 1-2 


~12" 


1 


5 


G 




36 2-5 


2 


10 1-2 


(i 3 


12 


2 


6 


7 






2 


10 3-4 


(; 3 1-2 


12 


3 


7 


X 




.•^6 1-5 


2 


11 


(; 4 


12 


4 


8 


!' 






2 


11 1-4 


6 4 1-2 


12 


5 


9 


10 


20 3^ 


36 


2 


11 1-2 


6 5 


12 


6 


10 


11 






2 


11 3-4 


t; 5 1-2 


12 


7 


11 


12 




35 4-5 


;j 




6 6 


12 


8 


12 


13 






3 


1-4 


6 6 1-2 


12 


9 


13 


14 




35 3-5 


3 


1-2 


() 7 


12 


10 


14 


15 


20 2-5 




3 


3-4 


6 7 1-2 


12 


11 


15 


16 




35 2-5 


3 


1 


6 8 


13 




16 


17 






3 


1 1-4 


6 8 1-2 


13 


1 


17 


18 




35 1-5 


3 


1 1-2 


(; 9 


13 


2 


18 


19 






3 


1 3-4 


(i 9 1-2 


13 


3 


19 


20 


20 1-5 


35 


3 


2 


6 10 


13 


4 


20 


21 






3 


2 1-4 


6 10 1-2 


13 


5 


21 


22 




34 4-5 


3 


2 1-2 


6 11 


13 


, 6 


22 


23 






3 


2 3-4 


6 11 1-2 


13 


7 


23 


24 




34 3-5 


3 


3 




13 


8 


24 


25 


20 




3 


3 1-4 


7 1-2 


13 


9 


25 


26 




34 2-5 


3 


3 1 2 


7 1 


13 


10 


26 


27 






3 


3 3-4 


7 1 1-2 


13 


11 


27 


28 




34 1-5 


3 


4 


7 2 


14 




28 


29 






3 


4 1-4 


7 2 1-2 


14 


1 


29 


30 


194^ 


34 


3 


4 1-2 


7 3 


14 


2 


30 


31 






3 


4 3-4 


7 3 1-2 


14 


3 


31 


32 




33 4-5 


3 


5 


7 4 


14 


4 


32 


33 






3 


5 1-4 


7 4 1-2 


14 


5 


33 


34 




33 3-5 


3 
3 


5 1-2 
5 3-4" 


7 5 


14 


6 


34 


35 


19 3-5 




7 5 1-2 


14 


7 


35 


3b 




33 2-5 


3 


6 


7 6 


14 


8 


36 


37 






3 


6 1-4 


7 6 1-2 


14 


9 


37 


38 




33 1-5 


3 


6 1-2 


7 7 


14 


10 


38 


39 






3 


6 3-4 


7 7 1-2 


14 


11 


39 


40 


19 2-5 


33 


3 


7 


7 8 


15 




40 


41 






3 


7 1-4 


7 8 1-2 


15 


1 


41 


42 




32 4-5 


3 


7 1-2 


7 9 


15 


2 


42 


43 






3 


7 3-4 


7 9 1-2 


15 


3 


43 


44 




32 3-5 


3 


8 


7 10 


15 


4 


44 


45 


19 1-5 




3 


8 1-4 


7 10 1-2 


15 


5 


45 


46 




32 2-5 


3 


8 1-2 


7 11 


15 


6 


46 


47 






3 


8 .3-4 


7 11 1-2 


15 


7 


47 


48 




32 1-5 


3 


9 


8 


15 


8 


48 


49 






3 


9 1-4 


8 1-2 


15 


9 


49 



63 



SCORING TABLE— Continued. 



Rank 


120-yd. 1 220-yd. 
Hurdle ! Hurdle. 


Standing 
High " 
Jump. 


Standing 
Broad 
Jump. 


Rvinning 
Broad 
Jump, j 


Rank 




sec. 


sec. 


ft. 


in. 


ft. 


in. 


ft. 


in. 




50 


19 


32 


3 


9 1-2 


8 


1 


15 


10 


50 


51 






3 


9 3-4 


8 


1 1-2 


15 


11 


51 


52 




31 4-5 


3 


10 


8 


2 


16 




52 


53 








10 1-4 


8 


2 1-2 


16 


1 


53 


54 




31 3-5 


|- 


10 1-2 
10 3-*4 


8 


3 


16 


2 


54 


55 


18 4-5 




8 


3 1-2 


16 


3 


55 


56 




31 2-5 




11 


8 


4 


16 


4 


56 


57 








11 1-4 


8 


4 1-2 


16 


5 


57 


58 




31 1-5 




11 1-2 


8 


5 


16 


6 


58 


59 








11 3-4 


8 


5 1-2 


16 


7 


59 


60 


18 3-5 


31 






8 


6 


16 


8 


60 


61 








1-4 


8 


6 1-2 


16 


9 


61 


62 




30 4-5 




1-2 


8 


7 


Hi 


10 


62 


63 








3-4 


8 


7 1-2 


16 


11 


63 


64 




30 3-5 




1 


8 

8 


8 

8 1-2 


17 




64 


65 


18 2-5 






1 1-4 


17 


1 


()5 


66 




30 2-5 




1 1-2 


8 


9 


17 


2 


6(i 


67 








1 3-4 


8 


9 1-2 


17 


3 


67 


68 




30 1-5 




2 


8 


10 


17 


4 


(]>< 


69 








2 1-4 


8 


10 1-2 


17 


5 


69 


70 


18 1-5 


30 




2 1-2 


8 


11 


17 


^6 


70 


71 








2 3-4 


8 


11 1-2 


17 


7 


• 71 


72 




29 4-5 




3 


9 




17 


8 


72 


73 








3 1-4 


9 


1-2 


17 


9 


73 


74 




29 3-5 




3 1-2 


9 


1 


17 


10 


74 


75 


18 






3 3-4 


9 


1 1-2 


17 


11 


75 


76 




29 2-5 




4 


'J 


•> 


18 




7(; 


77 








4 1-4 9 


2 1-2 


18 


1 


77 


78 




23 1-5 




4 1-2 ! 9 


3 


18 


2, 


78 


79 








4 3-4 


9 


3 1-2 


18 


3 


79 


SI) 


17 4-5 


29 




5 


IT 


4 


18 


4 


80 


81 








5 1-4 




4 1-2 


18 


f) 


81 


8-_> 




28 l-r, 




5 1-2 




5 


18 


6 


82 


83 








5 ;!-4 




5 1-2 


18 


7 


83 


84 




28 .•!-:, 




() 




6 


18 


8 


84 


85 


17 3-5 






() 1-1 




(i l-_^ 


18 


9 


85 


8() 




28 2-5 




(! 1-2 


i) 


7 


18 


10 


i<(; 


87 








(i 3-4 




7 1-2 


18 


11 


87 


88 




28 1-5 




7 




8 


19 




88 


80 








7 1-4 


9 


S 1-2 


19 


1 


89 


90 


1 17 2-5 


28 





7 1-2 9 


<) 


19 


2 


~9I) 


91 








7 3-4 9 


9 1-2 


19 


3 


91 


92 


i 


27 4-5 




8 1 9 


10 


19 


4 


92 


93 


! 






8 1-4 9 


10 1-2 


19 


5 


9:! 


94 


1 


27 ."i-5 




8 1-2 9 


11 


19 


(5 


94 


95 


17 1-5 




~^ 


8 3-4 9 


11 1-2 


19 


7 


~1)5 


9(; 




27 2-5 




9 |10 




19 


s 


96 


97 








9 1-4 10 


1-2 


19 


<) 


97 


98 




27 1-5 




9 1-2 10 


1 


19 


10 


9S 


99 








9 .■!-4 ilO 


1 1-2 


19 


11 


99 


100 


i 17 


27 




10 


IlO 


2 


1 20 




lfM> 



64 









SCORING TABLE 


■ 






2 St 


and. 


3 Stand. ! Stand. 


Run. Hop 


Pole Vault 
Dist. 




Rank 


Broad 


Broad 


Hop Step 


Step and 


Rank 




Jump. 


Jump. 


! Jump. 


Jump. 






ft. 


in. 


ft. in. 


ft. in. 


ft, in. 


ft. in. 







11 


s 


17 


21 S 


24 


14 


(1 


1 


11 


9 


17 2 


21 9 


24 2 


14 1 


1 


2 


11 


10 


17 4 


21 10 


24 4 


14 2 




3 


11 


11 


17 6 


•21 11 


•24 (i 


14 3 


;; 


4 


12 




17 8 


~i 


24 8 


14 4 


4 


5 


12 


1 


17 10 


22 1 


•24 10 


14 5 


5 


6 


12 


•_' 


IS 






14 6 


i; 


7 


12 


3 


IS ■_' 


•22 3 


25 2 


14 7 


7 


8 


12 


4 


IS 4 


22 4 


25 4 


14 8 


8 


9 


12 


.'') 


IS 6 


22 5 


•25 (i 


14 9 


9 


10 


12 


" (r 


18 S : -2. ,; 


25 S 


14 10 


"lo^ 


11 


12 


7 


IS 10 1 •__' 7 


-.) 10 


14 11 


11 


VI 


12 


s 


19 




•2(; 


15 


12 


13 


12 


9 


19 2 


'22 9 


21 ; 2 


15 1 


13 


14 


12 


10 


19 4 

19 6 


•22 10 


•26 4 


15 2 


14 


15 


l2 


11 


•2-1 11 


•2(; (i 


15 3 


15 


16 


13 




19 S 




•26 8 


15 4 


k; 


17 


13 


1 


19 It 


•2;j 1 


■2(; 10 


15 5 


17 


18 


13 


'J 


•20 




•_>7 


15 () 


18 


19 


13 


3 


'20 2 


23 3 


27 2 


15 7 


19 


•20 


13 


4 


2) 4 


•23 4 


27 4 


15 8 


20 


•21 


13 


5 


•2!) 6 


23 5 


27 () 


15 9 


21 


22 


13 


c 


•20 8 


23 () 


27 8 


15 10 


22 


23 


13 


7 


20 10 


2.3 7 


27 10 


15 11 


•23 


•24 


13 


8 


21 


23 8 


28 


16 


•24 


25 


13 


^9 


21 2 ! -23 9 


28 2 


16 1 


25 


26 


13 


10 


21 4 


•23 10 


28 4 


16 2 


•2(> 


27 


13 


11 


•21 6 


•23 11 


•28 (i 


16 3 


07 


28 


14 




21 S 


24 


28 8 


16 4 


28 


29 


14 


1 


•21 10 


24 1 


■2X 10 


1(! 5 


•29 


30 


14 


2 




24 2 


•29 


16 (; 


"^r^ 


31 


11 


;; 




•24 3 


•29 2 


16 7 


31 


32 


14 


4 


22 4 


24 4 


•29 4 


1(5 8 


32 


33 


14 


5 


•22 () 


24 5 


•29 () 


16 9 


33 


34 


14 


6 


22 8 


'24 (i 


•2i) 8 


16 If) 


.•!4 


" 35 


14 


7 


•22 10 


24 7 


•2!l 10 


16 11 


^35"" 


36 


14 


8 


23 


24 S 


;',o 


17 


:\i\ 


37 


14 


9 


•23 2 


•24 9 


;io 2 


17 1 


.■J 7 


38 


14 


10 


•23 4 


•24 1!) 


30 4 


17 2 


;!8 


39 


14 


11 


•23 6 


•24 11 


30 (J 


17 3 


39 


"4tn 


15 




23 8 


25 


."iO 8 


17 4 


40 


41 


15 


1 


23 10 


25 1 


."iO 10 


17 5 


41 


■ 42 


15 


2 


24 


25 2 


31 


17 (i 


42 


43 


15 


3 


24 2 


25 ;> 


.il 2 


17 7 


43 


44 


15 


4 


24 4 


25 4 


31 4 


17 8 


44 


45 


15 


5 


'24 6 


25 5 


31 6 


17 9 


45 


46 


15 


6 


24 8 


25 6 


;!1 8 


17 10 


4(! 


47 


15 


7 


•24 10 


25 7 


;;i 10 


17 11 


47 


48 


15 


s 


25 


25 8 




18 


4s 


49 


15 


9 


■_..-. ._. 


•25 9 


32 2 


18 1 


4;i 



65 



SCORING TABLE — Continued, 



Rank 


2 Stand. 
Broad 


3 Stand. 
Broad 


Stand. jRun 
Hop Step IStep 


.Hop 
and 


Pole Vault 


Rank 




Jump. 


Jump. 


Jump. 


1 Jump. 


JJl 


Ob. 






ft. in. 


ft. 


in. 


ft. in. 


ft. 


in. 


ft. 


in. 




50 


15 10 


25 


4 


25 10 


32 


4 


18 




50 


51 


15 11 


25 


(> 


25 11 


32 


6 


18 


3 


51 


52 


16 


25 


8 


26 


32 


8 


18 


4 


52 


53 


16 1 


25 


10 


26 1 


32 


10 


18 


5 


53 


54 


16 2 


26 




26 2 


33 




18 


6 


.54 


55 


16 3 


26 


2 


26 3 


.3:3 


2 


18 


7 


.55 


56 


16 4 


26 


4 


26 4 


.33 


4 


18 


8 


56 


57 


16 5 


26 


6 


26 5 


33 


() 


18 


!) 




58 


16 6 


26 


8 


26 6 


;3:3 


8 


18 


10 


% 


59 


16 7 


26 


10 


26 7 


33 


10 


18 


11 


59 


()0 


l(i 8 


27 




26 8 


.34 




19 




60 


()1 


l(i 9 


27 


2 


26 9 


34 


2 


19 


1 


61 


62 


16 10 


27 


4 


2() 10 


34 


4 


19 


2 


62 


63 


16 11 


'27 


6 


26 11 


34 


(i 


19 


3 


63 


64 


17 


27 


8 


27 


34 


8 


19 


4 


64 


65 


17 1 


27 


10 


27 1 


34 


10 


19 


5 


65 


66 


17 2 


28 




27 2 


35 




19 


6 


(56 


67 


17 3 


28 


'2 


•27 3 


35 


2 


19 




67 


G8 


17 4 


28 


4 


27 4 


35 


4 


19 


8 


68 


69 


17 5 


28 


(j 


27 5 


35 


6 


19 


<) 


69 


70 


17 6 


28 


8 


27 6 


35 


8 


19 


10 


70 


71 


17 7 


28 


10 


27 7 


35 


10 


19 


11 


71 


72 


17 8 


29 




27 8 


36 




20 




72 


73 


17 9 


29 


2 


27 9 


36 


2 


20 


1 


73 


74 


17 10 


29 


4 


27 10 


36 


4 


20 


2 


74 


75 


17 11 


29 


6 


27 11 


36 


(i 


20 


.3 


75 


76 


18 


29 


8 


28 


36 


8 


20 


4 


76 


77 


18 1 


''9 


10 


28 1 


36 


10 


20 


5 




78 


18 2 


.30 




28 2 


37 




20 


(J 


78 


79 


18 3 


30 


2 


28 3 


37 


2 


20 




79 


80 


18 4 


30 


4 


28 4 


37 


4 


20 


8 


80 


81 


18 5 


30 


6 


28 5 


37 


6 


20 


9 


81 


82 


18 6 


30 


S 


28 <; 


37 


8 


20 


10 


82 


83 


18 7 


30 


10 


28 7 


37 


10 


20 


11 


83 


84 


18 8 


31 




28 8 


38 




21 




84 


85^ 


18 9 


31 


2 


28 9 


38 


2 


21 


1 


85 


86 


18 10 


31 


4 


28 10 


38 


4 


21 




86 


87 


18 11 


31 


(> 


28 11 


38 


6 


21 


3 


87 


88 


19 


31 


8 


'^9 


38 


8 


21 


4 


88 


89 


19 1 


31 


10 


29 1 


38 


10 


21 


5 


89 


90 


19 2 


32 




29 2 


39 




21 


(5 


90 


91 


19 3 


32 


2 


29 3 


.39 


2 


21 


7 


91 


92 


19 4 


32 


4 


29 4 


39 


4 


21 


8 


92 


93 


19 5 


32 


() 


29 5 


39 


6 


21 


9 


93 


94 


19 6 


32 


8 


29 6 


39 


8 


21 


10 


94 


95 


19 7 


32 


10 


29 7 


39 


10 


21 


11 


95 


96 


19 8 


33 




29 8 


40 




22 




96 


97 


19 9 


33 


2 


29 9 


40 


2 


22 


1 


97 


98 


19 10 


.33 


4 


29 10 


40 


4 


22 




98 


99 


19 11 


33 


6 


29 11 


40 


6 


0'> 


3 


99 


l!)() 


20 


33 


8 


30 


40 


8 


22 


4 


100 



66 



SCORING TABLE. 







Run. 




Run. 1 


Hitch 1 






18-ft. 




Rank 




Hijih 




High i 


and 


Ry-'^T"" 1 Rope 


Rank 






Kick. 




Dive. ! Kick. \ 




"'^'"- Climb. 






ft 


in. 


ft 


ill. 


ft 


in. ft. 


in. 


sec. 







4 


10 


;j 


9 


4 


7 1'"' 


11 


6 2-5 





1 


4 


10 1-2 


3 


9 1-4 


4 


7 1-2 ;; 


11 1-4 




1 


2 


4 


11 


;j 


9 1-2 


4 


8 3 


11 1-2 




•> 


;{ 


4 


11 1-2 


3 


9 3-4 


4 


8 1-2 1 3 


11 3-4 




3 


i 


5 




3 


10 

10 1-4 


4 
4 


9 

9 1-2 


4 






4 


r, 


5 


1-2 


4 


1-4 




5 


i> 


5 


1 


3 


111 1-2 


4 


Ifl 4 


1-2 




6 


7 


.-) 


1 1-2 


;; 


10 3-4 


4 


10 1-214 


.3-4 






« 


T) 


2 


:! 


11 


4 


11 4 


1 




8 


;• 


i) 


2 1-2 


•' 


11 1-4 

11 1-2 


4 


11 1-2 


4 


1 1-4 




9 


10 


3 


4 


1 1-2 


10 


11 


.-J 


3 1-2 


;; 


11 3-i 




'1 1-2 4 


1 .-J-l' 


11 


VI 


5 


4 


4 






1 4 


2 


12 


i;: 


.-) 


4 1-2 


4 


1-1 


5 


1 1-2 4 


2 1-4 


13 


14 


■ } 


5 


4 


1-2 


■) 


14 


2 1-2 




14 


15 


-, 


5 1-2 


4 


.3-4 


5 


2 1-2] 4 


2 ;j-4 


; 15 


k; 


r> 


(i 


4 


1 


;> 


3 |4 


3 




16 


17 


.", 


i; 1-2 


4 


1 1-4 


."") 


3 1-2 i 4 


.•! 1-4 




17 


IS 


-, 


7 


4 


1 1-2 


,■■) 


4 • 4 


.•! 1-2 


18 


111 


5 


7 1-2 


4 


1 ;5-4 


•■) 


4 1-2 4 


;; .-5-4 


19 


20 


5 


8 


4 


2 


5 


5 




4 1 6 1-5 


20 


•21 


5 


8 1-2 


4 


2 1-4 


5 


5 1-2 




4 1-4 


21 


22 


5 


9 


4 


2 1-2 


5 


6 




4 1-2 




22 


23 


5 


9 1-2 


4 


2 :5-4 


5 


6 1-2 




4 3-4 




2.3 


24 


5 


10 


4 


3 


5 

5 


7 1-2 




5 




24 


25 


5 


10 1-2 


4 


3 1-4 




5 1-4 




25 


2() 


f, 


11 


4 


3 1-2 


5 


8 


4 


5 1-2 


26 




5 


11 1-2 


4 


3 3-4 


5 


8 1-2 




5 .3-4 




27 


28 


6 




4 


4 


5 


9 




() 




28 


29 


6 


1-2 


4 
4^ 


4 1-4 
4 1-2 


5 


9 1-2 
10 




6 1-4 




29 


30 


() 


1 




6 1-2 




30 


31 


(> 


1 1-2 


4 


4 3-4 


f, 


10 1-2 




() .3-4 




31 




(> 




4 




f) 


11 




7 




.32 


33 


(> 


2 1-2 


4 


5 1-4 


5 


11 1-2 




7 1-4 




.33 


34 


(> 


3 


4 
4 


5 1-2 

5 3-4 




1-2 




7 1-2 




34 


35 


6 


3 1-2 




7 3-4 




35 


36 


() 


4 


4 


(i 


6 


1 




8 




36 


37 


(■) 


4 1-2 


4 


(i 1-4 


c 


1 1-2 




8 1-4 




37 


38 


6 


5 


4 


C. 1-2 


6 


2 


4 


8 1-2 




38 


39 


6 


5 1-2 


4 
4 


6 3-4 
7 


6 


2 1-2 




8 3-4 




39 


40 


(> 


6 


6 


3 




9 


6 


40 


41 


6 


6 1-2 


4 


"7 1-4 


6 


3 1-2 




9 1-4 




41 


42 


() 




4 


7 1-2 


6 


4 




9 1-2 




42 


43 


6 


7 1-2 


4 


7 3-4 


6 


4 1-2 




9 .3-4 




43 


44 


6 


^; 


4 
4 


s 


6 


o 

5 1-2 




10 




44 


45 


6 


8 1-2 


8 1 -I 




10 1-4 




45 


46 


6 


9 


4 


8 1-2 


6 


(> 




10 1-2 




46 


47 


() 


9 1-2 


4 


8 .3-4 


(i 


6 1-2 




10 .3-4 




47 


48 


(> 


10 


4 




() 






11 




48 


49 


(i 


10 1-2 


4 


9 1-4 


(i 


7 1-2 




11 l-l 




49 



67 



SCORING TABLE — Continued. 





Run. 




Run. 


Hitch 






18-ft. 




Rank 


High 




High ; 


and 


IZi^t^ 


Rope 


Rank 




Kick. 




Dive. 1 


Kick. 




• 


Climb. 






ft 


. in. 


ft 


. in. 


ft 


. in. 


ft 


. in. 


sec. 




50 


6 


11 


4 


9 1-2 




8 


4 


11 1-2 




50 


51 


6 


11 1-2 


4 


9 3-4 




8 1-2 


4 


11 3-4 




51 


52 






4 


10 




9 


5 






52 


53 




1-2 


4 


10 1-4 


(; 


9 1-2 


5 


1-4 




53 


54 




1 


4 
4" 


10 1-2 
10 3-4 




10 1 5 


1-2 




54 


55 




1 1-2 


6 


10 1-2 5 


3-4 




55 


56 




2 


4 


11 |6 


11 |5 


1 




56 


57 




2 1-2 


4 


11 1-4 6 


11 1-215 


1 1-4 




57 


58 




3 


4 


11 1-2 7 


l5 


1 1-2 




58 


59 




3 1-2 


4 

5 


11 3-4 


~ 


1-2 
1 


o 


1 3-4 




59 


60 




4 


5 


'> 


5 4^5 


60 


61 




4 1-2 


5 


1^ 




1 1-2 5 


2 1-4 




61 


62 




5 


5 


1-2 




2 5 


2 1-2 




62 


63 




5 1-2 


5 


3-4 




2 1-2 5 


2 3-4 




63 


64 




6 


5 


1 




3 5 


3 




64 


65 




6 1-2 


5 


1 1-4 




3 1-215 


3 1-4 




65 


66 




7 


5 


1 1-2 i 7 


4 


5 


3 1-2 




66 


67 




7 1-2 


5 


1 :^-i 


7 


4 1-2 


5 


3 3-4 




67 


68 




8 


5 


') 




5 


o 


4 




68 


69 




8 1-2 


5 


2 1-4 


~ 


5 1-2 

6 


5 


4 1-4 




69 


70 




9 


5 


2 1-2 


5 


4 1-2 




70 


71 




9 1-2 


5 


2 3-4 




6 1-2 


5 


4 3-4 




71 


72 




10 


5 


3 7 


7 


5 


5 




72 


73 




10 1-2 


5 


3 1-4 


7 


7 1-2 


5 


5 1-4 




73 


74 




11 


5 
5 


3 1-2 
3 3^ 


7 


8 


5 


5 1-2 




74 


75 




11 1-2 




8 1-2 


5 


5 3-4 




75 


76 


8 




5 


4 


7 


9 


5 


6 




7() 


77 


8 


1-2 


o 


4 1-A 




9 1-2 


5 


6 1^ 


1 


77 


78 


8 


1 


5 


4 1-2 


7 


10 


5 


6 1-2 




78 


79 


8 


1 1-2 




5 


4 :3-4 

5 


}- 


10 1-2 
11 


5 


6 3-4 




79 


80 


8 


2 


5 


7 


5 3-5 


80 


81 


8 


2 1-2 


5 


5 1-4 




11 1-2 


5 


7 1-4 




81 


82 


8 


3 


5 


5 1-2 


8 




o 


7 1-2 




82 


83 


8 


3 1-2 





5 :3-4 8 


1-2 


5 


7 3-4 




83 


84 


8 


4 5 


6 ,8 


1 


5 


8 




84 


85 


8 


4 1-2 5 


6 1-418 


1 1-2 


5 


8 1-4 




85 


86 


8 


5 5 


6 1-2 8 


2 


5 


8 1-2 




86 


87 


8 


5 1-2 5 


6 3-4 8 


2 1-2 


5 


8 3-A 




87 


88 


8 


6 


5 


7 |8 


s 


5 


9 




88 


89 


8 


6 1-2 


5 


7 1-4 
7 1-2 


8 
8^ 


3 1-2 
4 


5 


9 1-4 




89 


90 


8 


7 


5 


5 


9 1-2 




90 


91 


8 


7 1-2 5 


7 3-1 


8 


4 1-2 


5 


9 3-4 




91 


92 


8 


8 5 


8 


8 


5 


5 


10 




92 


93 


8 


8 1-2 5 


8 1^ 


8 


5 1-2 


5 


10 1-4 




93 


94 


8 


9 


5 
5 


8 1-2 
8 3^ 


8 
8 


6 

6 1-2 


5 


10 1-2 




94 


95 


8 


9 1-2 


5 


10 3-4 




95 


96 


8 


10 5 


9 


8 


7 


5 


11 




96 


97 


8 


10 1-2 5 


9 1-4 


8 


7 1-2 


5 


11 1-4 




97 


98 


8 


11 5 


9 1-2 '8 


8 


5 


11 1-2 




98 


99 


8 


11 1-2 5 


9 3-4 8 


8 1-2 


5 


11 3-4 




99 


100 


9 




5 


10 


8 


9 


6 




5 2-5 


100 



68 



SCORING TABLE. 



Rank 



12-lb. Shot, 



16-lb. Shot, 



12-lb. I 16-lb. 
Hammer i Hammer 
with Turn. | with Turn. 



Rank 



21 !) 
22 

22 :5 
22 c. 
22 !) 



87 6 
88 

88 t) 
89 

89 (i 



ft. 



82 (3 

83 

8;^ () 

84 

84 (i 



20 j 


23 




19 


95 




85 




20 


21 1 


23 


;•. 


19 :'. 


95 


6 


85 


6 


21 


22 


23 


V, 


19 (; 


96 




S(i 




22 


23 


2.3 


<» 


19 9 


9(; 


6 


86 




2.3 


24 


24 
24 


Jf~ 


20 


97 




87 




24 


25 


20 3 


97 


6 


87 




, 25 


26 


24 


6 


20 () 


98 




88 




26 


27 


24 


9 


20 9 


98 


6 


88 




1 27 


28 


25 




21 


99 




89 




j 28 


29 


25 


3 


21 3 

21 6 


99 


(i 


89 




29 


30 


25 


() 


100 




90 




30 


31 


25 


'.I 


21 9 


100 


(; 


91) 




31 


32 


26 




22 


101 




91 




32 


33 


26 


3 


22 3 


101 


(; 


91 




33 


34 


26 


6 


22 6 


102 




92 




34 


35 


26 


9 


22 9 


102 


(> 


92 




35 


36 






23 


10.3 




93 




.3(i 


37 


27 


;> 


23 


103 


i; 


93 




37 


.38 




t> 


23 6 


104 




94 




38 


39 


27 


9 


23 9 
24 


104 


6 


94 




.39 


40 


28 




105 




95 




1 40 


41 


28 


3 


24 ;> 


105 


(1 


95 




41 


42 


28 


6 


24 6 


106 




96 




42 


43 


28 


<) 


24 9 


106 


(j 


!)6 




43 


44 


29 




25 


107 




97 




44 


45 


29 


3 


25 3 


107 


() 


97 




1 45 


46 


29 


(> 


25 (> 


108 




98 




46 


47 


29 


9 


25 9 


108 


() 


98 




47 


48 


30 




26 


109 




99 




48 


49 


30 


3 


2(5 3 


109 


() 


99 




49 

1 



69 



SCORING TABLE -Continued, 













12-lb. 


16-lb. 




Rank 


12-lb. 


Shot. 


16-lb. 


Shot. 


Hammer 
with Turn. 


Hammer 
with Turn. 


Rank 




ft. 


in. 


ft. 


in. 


ft. in. 


ft. in. 




50 


30 


6 


26 


6 


no 


100 


.50 


51 


30 


9 


26 


9 


no (i 


100 (1 


51 • 


52 


31 




27 




111 


101 


52 


53 


31 


3 


27 


3 


111 6 


101 6 


53 


54 


31 


6 


27 


6 


112 

112 6 


102 

102 6 


54 


55 


31 


9 


27 


9 


55 


56 


32 




28 




113 


103 


56 


57 


32 


,3 


28 


3 


113 6 


103 6 


»( 


58 


32 


G 


2S 


6 


114 


104 


58 


59 


32 


9 


2S 


9 


114 6 
115 


104 6 


59 


60 


33 




29 




105 


60 


61 


33 


3 


29 


3 


115 6 


105 6 


61 


62 


33 


6 


29 


6 


116 


106 


62 


63 


33 


9 


29 


9 


116 6 


106 6 


6.3 


64 


34 




30 




117 


107 


64 


65 


34 


3 


30 


3 


117 6 


107 6 


65 


66 


34 


6 


30 


6 


118 


108 


66 


67 


34 


9 


30 


9 


118 G 


108 6 


67 


68 


35 




31 




119 


109 


68 


69 


35 


3 


31 


3 


119 6 
120 


109 6 


69 


70 


35 


6 


31 


6 


110 


70 


71 


35 


9 


31 


9 


120 6 


110 6 


71 


72 


36 




32 




121 


111 


72 


73 


36 


3 


3'' 


3 


121 6 


111 6 


73 


74 


36 


6 


32 


6 


122 


112 


74 


75 


36 


9 


32 


9 


122 6 


112 6 


75 


76 


37 




.33 




123 


113 


76 


77 


37 


3 


33 


3 


123 6 


113 6 


77 


78 


37 


6 


33 


6 


124 


114 


78 


79 


37 


9 


33 


9 


124 6 


114 6 


79 


80 


38 




34 




125 


115 


80 


81 


38 


3 


34 


3 


125 6 


115 6 


81 


82 


38 


6 


34 


6 


126 


116 


82 


83 


38 


9 


34 


9 


126 6 


116 6 


83 


84 


39 




35 




127 

127 6 


117 


84 


85 


39 


3 


35 


3 


117 6 


85 


86 


39 


6 


35 


6 


128 


118 


86 


87 


39 


9 


35 


9 


128 6 


118 6 


87 


88 


40 




:j() 




129 


119 


88 


89 


40 


3 


3f; 


;5 


129 6 


119 6 


89 


90 


40 


<; 


36 


(i 


130 


120 


90 


91 


40 


!» 


3(i 


9 


130 6 


120 6 


91 


92 


, 41 




37 




131 


121 


92 


93 


41 


3 


37 


3 


131 6 


121 6 


93 


94 


41 


6 


37 


6 


132 


122 


94 


95 


41 


9 


37 


9 


132 6 


122 6 


95 


9t) 


42 




38 




133 


123 


96 


97 


' 42 


3 


38 


3 


133 6 


123 (i 


97 


98 


42 


6 


38 


6 


134 


124 


98 


99 


42 


9 


! 38 


9 


134 6 


124 6 


99 


100 


43 




1 39 




135 


125 


100 



ALL-ROUND INDOOR TEST, — RULES AND 
SCORING TABLE. 



/. H. McCicrdy, M.D. 



I. Events. 



The events shall be: (i) marching, {2) calisthenics, 
(3) parallel bars, (4) side horse, (5) horizontal bar (high 
or low), (6) one-quarter mile potato race, (7) three stand- 
ing broad jumps, (8) running high jump, (9) long horse, 
(10) pole vault for height. 

II. Grades. 

The contest shall have the following grades : Elemen- 
tary, intermediate, and advanced. The elementary grade 
shall consist of the first six e\ents, the intermediate of 
the first eight events, and the advanced of the whole ten 
events. 

III. Order. 

The order in each grade shall be: (i) marching, (2) cal- 
isthenics, (3) apparatus work, (4) athletic work. In the 
apparatus and athletic work the clerk of the course shall 
divide the contestants into as many divisions as apparatus 
and floor space will allow. No contestant shall on any 
condition be allowed to change his division. 

IV. Officers. 

All meetings shall be under the direction of one referee, 
six measurers, six judges of apparatus work, three timers, 
one starter, one scorer, one marshal, and one clerk of the 
course. The measurers and judges of apparatus work 



7T 

shall also act as judges in the marching and calisthenics. 
V. Referee. 

The referee shall have general charge of all ofificers, 
contestants, and games. When appealed to, he shall 
decide all questions of dispute not otherwise covered in 
these rules. His decision shall be final. He shall also 
select the exercises as directed in section i6. 

VI. Measurers. 

The measurers shall be judges for the broad jump, the 
high jump, and the pole vault. They shall also act as 
judges on the marching and calisthenics. They shall re- 
port each contestant's best record to the scorer. 

VII. JuD(,ES OF Apparatus Work. 

The judges on each piece of apparatus shall judge in- 
dependently. They shall report to the scorer each con- 
testant's ability in each exercise in that special event. 
Their method shall be as follows : Two points for correct 
approach to the apparatus, two points for doing the exer- 
cise called for, four points for form in that exercise, and 
two points for leaving the apparatus correctly. 

Note. — When whole numbers do not express contest- 
ant's ability, decimals may be used. 

\'III. Timers. 

One watch shall be held on each runner. The watch 

shall be started at the flash of the pistol. The timers 

shall report to the scorer each contestant's time at the 
close of that event. 

IX. Starter. 

The starter shall have entire control of the com- 
petitors at their marks. The penalties for false starting 



shall be as follows : The competitor shall be put back 
one yard for the first, and another yard for the second 
offence. A third false start shall disqualify the runner. 
A false start is where any portion of the person touches 
the ground in front of the mark before the pistol report. 

X. Scorer. 

The scorer shall keep a complete list of all competitors, 
crediting each man with his performance in each event 
as reported by the judges, measurers, or timers. He shall 
place in the lower space the number of points made by 
contestants in each event as determined by the judges in 
marching, calisthenics, and apparatus work ; also, the 
number of points in athletic work, as shown by the scor- 
ing table. 

XI. Marshal. 

The marshal shall have full police charge, and see that 
the spectators are kept in the place assigned them. 

XII. Clerk of the Course. .., 

The clerk of the course shall furnish each contestant, 
in regular order, commencing with the tallest, a number 
by which he shall be known in that competition ; he shall 
also assign to him his division in the contest. 

XIII. Records. 

The maximum in each event in this contest shall be 
thirty points. Each contestant's total number of points 
in the elementary grade shall be divided by the decimal 
1.8, in the intermediate by 2.4, in the advanced by 3- 
This will reduce each grade to the percentage basis. 

XIV. Marching. 

The marching shall occupy not less than ten nor more 
than fifteen minutes, the judging being done by the 



measurers and judges. Contestants shall drill in line, ac- 
cording to number. 

XV. Calisthenics. 

In the calisthenic drill the rules in section 14 shall 
govern. 

XVI. Apparatus Work. 

The contest on each piece of apparatus shall consist of 
three exercises selected by theTreferee (except in the ad- 
vanced grade, when one exercise on each apparatus shall 
be selected by contestant) on the day of competition from 
a list of ten, said ten exercises to have been determined 
upon by District, State, Section, or Governing Committee, 
and forwarded to Associations competing, not less than 
four weeks before the contest. 

Exception. — In a local contest the referee shall select 
the exercises from any of that grade which have been 
taught during the season. 

XVII. Potato Race. 

Seventeen potatoes (or other light objects), and two 
boxes, four inches deep, twelve inches in diameter, set on 
stands two feet high, shall be furnished each contestant. 
The outer edges of these boxes shall be thirty-one feet 
apart. The runner shall start on the left side of the full 
potato box from a line parallel to its outer edge, with one 
potato in his hand. He shall run around both boxes each 
time, placing one potato in the other box, and finishing 
at the starting point on the opposite side of his own box. 
Grasping either stand in any way, failure to run around 
both boxes, or a failure to transfer all the potatoes singly 
into the other box, shall disqualify the runner. 

XVIII. Three Standinc; Broad Jumps. 

The feet of the competitor shall leave the ground only 
once in making an attempt for each of the three jumps, 



74 



and no stoppage between jumps shall be allowed. Each 
competitor shall have three trial jumps. He shall be 
credited with his best performance in those trials. The 
jumps shall be made from the board floor, and the dis- 
tance shall be measured from the "scratch line" to the 
nearest point that is touched by any part of the person. 

XIX. Polk Vaulting and High Jumping. 

The bar in the intermediate shall start not lower than 
five points and in the advanced not lower than ten points 
(see scoring table). The bar shall be raised in the high 
jump not less than two inches at each elevation, and in 
the pole vault not less than four inches. Contestants 
shall jump in regular order, as called by measurer. Con- 
testant may omit his trial at any height, but shall not be 
allowed to try that height should he fail on the next 
elevation. The jump shall be made over a l^ar flat on all 
sides, displacement of the bar counting as a " try." Each 
contestant shall be allowed not to exceed ten trials. 
Three failures at any height shall debar contestant frcm 
further trials in that event. Contestants shall be credited 
with their best performance, according to the rules. Two 
balks shall count as a try. A balk is crossing a line six 
feet from and parallel with the standards. The run shall 
l)e limited to thirty-two feet. 

XX. Diplomas. 

A total of 65 points (elementary work) shall entitle 
contestant to elementary certificate and the right to wear 
the emblem of that grade ; a total of 70 points (inter- 
mediate work) to an intermediate certificate with its 
emblem; a total of 75 points (advanced work) shall entitle 
contestant to a diploma and emblem. For method of 
obtaining points, see rule 13. Contestants must present 
their certificates of lower grades before they can enter as 
contestants in higher ones. 



Rank 



75 
Scoring Table. 



High 
Jump. 



3 Standing 
Broad 
Jump. 



Pole Vault. Potato Race. Rank 



l.J 


4 


'1 


14 


4 


•' 


15 


4 


4 


IG 


4 


.") 


17 


4 


(! 


18 


4 


7 



m. 

3 

4 \-l 



10 l-'2 

1 1-2 

3 

4 1-12 



min. sec. 

•1 l.-i 

2 14 

2 13 

2 12 

2 11 



7 1-2 
10 1-2 



1 1-2 

3 

4 1-2 

C 

7 1-2 



9 
10 1-2 



1 1-2 
;5 



1-2 



- 


(> 


I) 


•2 


5 


10 


2 


4 


11 


2 


3 


12 





1(> 


1 58 


17 


I 57 


18 


1 5(; 


19 




20 


1 54 


21 


1 53 


22 


1 ■52 


23 


1 51 


24 


1 50 


25 


1 49 


21) 


1 48 


27 


1 47 


28 


1 4(J 


29 


1 45 


30 



EXERCISES FOR ELEMENTARY CrRADE IN 
THE INDOOR TEST. 



The following groups of exercises, with the exception 
of the marching, have not been adopted by the Govern- 
ing Committee, but are published with its approval, as it 
seemed desirable that some degree of uniformity exist in 
the examinations held in the different parts of the country, 
and no other recommendations have been received. 

It is believed that the exercises recommended are well 
adapted to the purpose in mind, and it is the experience 
of those already using them that there is a decided ad- 
vantage in having such mapped-out groups. The exer- 
cises on the apparatus are not presented in the form in 
which they should be used, h^ach exercise is supposed 
to represent the result of a series of movements. In se- 
lecting exercises from these groups the physical director 
must use his own judgment. A few general suggestions, 
however, are offered : The exercises in each group should 
include some of the more easy and some of the more 
dithcult movements. The preparatory work for each ex- 
amuiation should include at least one exercise from each 
group on each piece of apparatus. 

The general conditions which all these exercises fulfill 
are those which obtain in most of our Associations, 



Note. — The marching was recommended by the Physical Direc- 
tors' Conference and has been adopted by the Governing Commit- 
tee. The dumb-bell drill was recommended by the Physical Directors' 
Conference and has gone into general use, but has not been officially 
adopted. The work on the parallel bars and on the side horse was 
recommended by the Physical Directors' Conference. The work of 
the high horizontal bar was prepared at the Eastern Physical Direc- 
tors' Conference. The low horizontal bar work was prepared by Dr. 
J. H. McCurdy and Dr. Luther Gulick. 



11 

namely: The work must be adapted to a large member- 
ship and a comparatively small floor space. Each individ- 
ual must leave the apparatus in such a direction as not to 
interfere with the prompt approach of the man following 
him. Each exercise must take but two or three seconds, 
so that the men may participate in rapid succession. No 
exercise demanding great strength is included, it being 
preferred to have a large number of exercises, each in- 
volving a slight degree of effort. As great a variety as 
possible has been given the exercises that there may be a 
steady maintenance of interest. The exercises have also 
been prepared from a physiological standpoint. It will be 
found that they call for vigorous exercise of the trunk 
muscles, and that the heart and lungs are vigorously exer- 
cised as well. Just so far as possible, each exercise is of 
a character to allow a new member to attempt it without 
danger to himself, although many will require a long time 
in order to master it. 

Only exercises for the elementary grade have been 
given, because these are needed for qualification in the 
Indoor Test. 

The work involved should cover one year's gymnastic 
practice. Work for the intermediate grade will probably 
be added next year. A number of physical directors feel 
that the work should be graded into five divisions instead 
of three. To these it is suggested that the intermediate 
and the advanced grades be each divided into two, to- 
gether with their suitable examinations. The argument 
is advanced that there is too much work — too many exer- 
cises — in the intermediate and advanced grades to be 
covered in single years. It should be distinctly borne in 
mind that the object is not to grade exercises, but to grade 
men ; that it is not proposed to have a man learn all of 
the exercises which would naturally correspond to that 
degree of difficulty, but only a few representative exer- 
cises in each group. That which is sought is a certain 



78 

degree of proficiency on the part of the pupil. This is 
fundamental. Thus in the elementary grade it would be 
easy to produce ten times as many exercise's as we have 
shown which would correspond with this degree of diffi- 
culty, but it is believed that the mastery of those outlined 
here will be sufficient to give the pupil the degree of pro- 
ficiency which is expected in the graduates from the ele- 
mentary grade. This is even more true in the inter- 
mediate and advanced grades. Comparison may well be 
made with any other branch of education ; for example, a 
pupil is not required to master all the possible phases of 
mathematics of a given degree of difficulty before proceed- 
ing to the next, but only a few representative examples under 
each principle. He is not expected to perform every pos- 
sible operation in addition before taking up subtraction. 
He is supposed to secure a certain degree of proficiency 
on a comparatively small part of the whole range of 
mathematical possibilities of that degree of difticulty, and 
then to proceed to that which is more difiicult. It is be- 
lieved that this is the key to one of the great perplexities 
that have been before our physical directors for the last 
three or four vears. 



MARCHIXG, FOR GYMNASIUM USE. 



Alfred T. Halsted, M.D. 



Introduction. 

A tour among the gymnasiums of our land would 
doubtless reveal as great diversity in methods of handling 
men and boys upon the floor as in the character of the 
exercises given. Everything from the general rush for 
dumb-bells and the scrambling for "spots" on the floor 
to the nearest possible approach to military methods 
would probably be found. 

There is no questioning the fact that an orderly way of 
getting about the gymnasium in class work is conducive 
to the best interests of the work in general, favoring dis- 
cipline, self-respect and good carriage, respect for the 
leader, and esprit de corps. 

It is desirable that marching orders in the gymnasium 
should conform as nearly as practicable to those used in 
military drill, for the sake of uniformity, and to avoid 
adverse criticism from those accustomed to nnlitary 
tactics. 

Certain modifications and peculiarities are necessary or 
desirable, however, to meet the need of the gymnasium. 
Where such changes are made it is well to make them 
agree as nearly as possible with the militarj' form. The 
writer is indebted to "Infantry Drill Regulations, U. S. 
Army," for much of the material from which this arrange- 
ment is compiled. 

The company formation with ofticers is not followed. 
In forming the line it is formed single in depth, and every 
man is as a private in the ranks. 



8o 



It is hoped that what follows will prove helpful to many 
who wish to improve in their floor methods. 

Daily Marching Pr()(;rams. 

For convenience commands are here arranged in short 
programs, somewhat progressive in the order given, each 
including a method of getting on the floor in position for 
calisthenic work, and getting off to put up apparatus. 

The end of the line at which the shorter men shall be 
placed and from which the counting off shall begin, the 
direction of the facinc^s, and the changes of direction 
commanded while marching, must necessarily be varied 
according to the arrangement and size of the gymnasium. 

If a command involving change in the formation of the 
column is given when the column is executing a change of 
direction, it may be preferable to follow the general rule 
that the second command shall not be executed oy the 
rear of the column till the turn is made. This avoids 
much~ confusion at the turn. 

Program I. 

1. FALL IN COLUMN. 

2. ATTFNTION. 

3. I. Left (or right), 2. FACE. 

4. I. Break ranks, 2. MARCH. 

5. FALL IN LINE. 

6. FRONT. 

7. Count off by fours, from right (or left) flank. 

8. I. Front take distance, 2. MARCH. 

9. I. Assemble, 2. MARCH. 

10. I. Right hand, 2. SALUTE. 

11. I. Break ranks, 2. MARCH. 

Explanations. 

I . Fall ill column. The men form in single column, that 
is, one behind another according to height, the shortest man 



8i 



at the head of the column, each placing his hands on the 
shoulders of the man before him with arms straight and 
standing perfectly erect. This places the taller men in the 
rear, which is preferable in arranging the men on the floor 
for calisthenic work. 

2. Attention. Each man drops his arms to his sides 
and takes the position of the soldier as follows : Heels 
on the same line and as near each other as the conforma- 
tion of the man permits; feet turned out equally and 
forming with each other an angle of about ninety degrees ; 
knees straight and without stiffness ; body erect on the 
hips, inclining a little forward, shoulders square and fall- 
ing equally; arms and hands hanging naturally, backs of 
the hands outward, elbows near the body; head erect 
and square to the front, chin slightly drawn in, without 
restraint ; eyes straight to the front. 

3. I. Left {or right), 2. FACE. The Swedish method 
of facing is used, as it gives better base and greater 
steadiness. 

To face to the left, make a quarter turn on the left heel 
and the ball or toe of the right foot, lift the right foot and 
place it beside the left; to turn to the right, make a 
quarter turn on the right heel and the ball of the left foot, 
lift the left foot and place beside the right. 

About, FACE, means a half turn to the right, executed 
as above. 

Left about, FACE, means a half turn to the left. 

4. I. Break ranks, 2. MARCH. At the command 
March the line is broken, the company being dismissed. 

5. Fall in line. This is the " Fall In " of U.S. Tactics, 
but the word " line " is added to distinguish it from the 
column formation. Each man takes his place according 
to height, in "dress" position, as follows, the short men 
being on the right flank : 

Close the left hand, place the knuckles against the 
waist just above the hip, wrist straight, back of hand to 



82 



the front. The eyes should be turned slightly to the right, 
and each man should either move by short side steps to 
the right till he touches the elbow of his neighbor, or 
give way from that direction till there is no crowding, and 
retain his position till the next command, which should 
always be Front. If the short men are on the left flank, 
the line is dressed to the left, the left hand being on the 
hip as before. 

6. Fran/. P2ach man drops his arm to his side and 
turns his eyes to the front. 

7. Counting off. Each man should turn his head as he 
speaks his number, thus giving the clue to his next 
neighbor, immediately turning to the front again. Count 
off from the flank on which the shorter men are ranged. 

8. I. Front taki' distance, 2. MARCH. What the 
intervals shall be in this command is determined by the 
arrangement of the men. If in line, as in this case, 
numbers r remain in place, numbers 2 take four steps, 
numbers 3 take two steps, and numbers 4 take six steps. 

At the command March all move forward, except num- 
bers J, each stopping when he has taken his number of 
steps. If desired, numbers i and 3 may be given one side 
step to the left, when they will be immediately behind 
numbers 2 and 4. 

The shape of the gymnasium will determine the best 
number in which to count off and the best intervals to be 
given. If the gymnasium is narrow and the leader is at 
the end, it is well to form the line along the side, and after 
taking intervals, face them toward the platform. 

9. I. Assemble, 2. MARCH. Those in the front 
rank stand fast ; the others move forward to their place 
in the line. If preferred, each line may wait until those 
behind have come abreast. 

10. I. Right hand, 2. SALUTE. Raise the right 
hand smartly till the forefinger touches the forehead or 
the lower part of the head-dress above the right eye. 



83 

thuml) and fingers extended and joined, palm to the left, 
forearm inclined at about forty-five degrees, hand and 
wrist straight. At the command two (2) the arm is 
dropped quietly to the side. 

In the use of these programs where two directions are 
given, one in parenthesis, the first right through will pre- 
serve the order of the line. 

The different commands may be repeated for practice, 
in which case the order of the program should be re- 
sumed, in order to work it out right. 

There are two kinds of commands : 

The prepa7'atory command, such as forward, indicates 
the movement that is to be executed. 

The command of execution, such as MARCH ox HALT, 
calls for the execution. 

Commands of execution are distinguished by CAP- 
ITALS. 

The /rty^^^rrt/^rj/ command should be given at such an 
interval of time before the command of execution as to 
admit of its being properly understood ; the command of 
execution should be given at the instant the movement is 
to commence. 

The tone of command is animated, distinct, and of a 
loudness proportioned to the number of men under in- 
struction. 

Each preparatory command is pronounced in an ascend- 
ing tone of voice, but always in such a manner that the 
command of execution may be more energetic and 
elevated. 

The command of execution is pronounced in a firm and 
brief tone. 

When the execution of a movement is improperly 
begun and the instructor wishes to begin it anew for the 
purpose of correcting it, he commands, AS YOU WERE, 
at which the movement ceases and the former position is 
resumed. 



H 



Program II. 

FALL LX LINE. (8i) 

FRONT. (82) 

Count off by fours, from right (or left) flank. (82) 

4. I. Right, 2. FACE. (Si) 

5. I. Forward, 2. MARCH. 
I. Column left (or right), 2. MARCH. 

7. I. Column left (or right) about, 2. MARCH. 

8. I. Form twos, 2. Right (or left) oblique, 3. 

MARCH. 

9. I. Left (or right) by file, 2. MARCH. 

10. I. Mark time, ^.2. MARCH. 

11. I. Company, 2. HALT. 

12- I. Left (or right), 2. FACE. 

13. I. Front take distance, 2. MARCH. (82) 

14. I. Assemble, 2. MARCH. (82) 

Explanations. 

Explanations which have already been given will be 
referred to by page, to save space, thus : (82). 

5. I. Forzvard, 2. MARCH. March straight forward, 
advancing the left foot first, taking steps thirty inches in 
length, at the rate of from 100 to 120 per minute; the 
latter is the cadence of " quick time," U. S. Army. 

Care should be taken to have every man start at the 
same instant, at the command March, and that when 
marching in column of files, the uniform distance of arms 
length between the men^be retained. 

6. \. Column left {or right), 2. MARCH. The lead- 
ing man wheels to the left (or right), the other men follow 
the first and wheel on the same ground. This must be 
put in whenever necessary to turn corners. 

When turning to the left, the command March should 
be given as the left foot of the leader strikes the floor ; 
the right is then advanced, the turn is made on the balls 



of both feet, and the left foot is advanced m the new 
direction. The reverse is observed in turning to the right. 

7. I. Column left {or Tight) about, 2. MARCH. Ex- 
ecuted as above, except that the leader wheels in a short 
half-circle and marches in the opposite direction; those 
following wheel on the same spot. 

8. I. Formtivos, 2. Right {or left) oblique, ■^. MARCH. 
At the command yJ/rtrr//, numbers i and 3 take short 
steps, or, if room is limited, mark time, till numbers 2 and 
4 have obliqued to their sides, respectively, in the direction 
commanded, when the march is resumed by twos. 

9. I. Left {or right) by file, 2. MARCH. At the 
command March the left (or right) man moves forward, 
the other marking time till disengaged, when he obliques 
into line behind the others to form column of "files " or 
single column. Each man must regulate his step so as to 
keep within arm's length of the next man ahead. Com- 
mand so as to bring number i at the head of^the column. 

ID. I. Mark time, 2. MARCH. At the command 
March, given as either foot is coming to the floor, con- 
tinue the cadence and make a semblance of marching, 
without gaining ground, by alternately advancing each 
foot about half its length, and bringing it back on the 
line with the other. 

To resume the full step : i. Forward, 2. MARCH. 

II. I. Company, 2. HALT. At the command i¥^?//, 
given as either foot is coming to the floor, one full step is 
taken and the rear foot is then brought up and planted 
without shock by the side of the other. 

In this and in succeeding series dumb-bells or other 
apparatus maybe taken while marching in column of files, 
in which case the command ^//^';Y Step (fifteen inches) may 
be given, to give time to get apparatus and close up to 
proper distance. 

At the end, if hand appiiratus has been taken, a facing 
command may be given, followed by marching commands 



86 



for putting away apparatus. (Jthervvise, Salute and Break 
ranks may be given. 

PrOCxRAM III. 

1. FALL IN LINE. (8i) 

2. FRONT. (82) 

3. Count off by fours. (82) 

4. t. Twos right (or left), 2. MARCH. 

5. I. Column left (or right), 2. MARCH. 

6. I. Column left (or right) about, 2. MARCH. 

7. I. Column right, 2. MARCH. 

8. I. Form fours, 2. Le/t (or right) oblique, 3. 

MARCH. 

9. 1. Right (or left) by twos, 2. MARCH. 

10. I. Right (or left) by file, 2. MARCH. (85) 

11. I. Company, 2. HALT. 

12. I. Left (or right), 2. FACE. (81) 

13. I. Front take distance, 2. MARCH. (82) 

14. I. Assemble, 2. MARCH. (82) 

Explanations. 

4. I. Tivos right {or left), 2. MARCH. In executing 
twos right, numbers i and 3 are pivot men, and mark 
time, turning by short steps to a right face from previous 
position, numbers 2 and 4 wheeling round by regulation 
steps to face in the new direction, keeping his "dress" 
distance with the man at his side. In executing twos 
left, numbers 2 and 4 are pivot men. The twos having 
wheeled through a quarter circle, the column of twos thus 
formed marches straight forward till further command is 
given. 

5. I. Column left [or right), 2. MARCH. At the 
command March the leading two execute the change of 
direction as in twos right (or left), each succeeding two 
wheeling on the same ground. 



87 



6. I. Cohunn left {or right) about, 2. MARCH. The 
pivot acts as a movable pivot in this case, turning by short 
steps through half of a small circle (twenty inches) ; the 
man on the marching flank, as the end of aline describing 
the larger circle is called, takes regulation steps, the pivot 
turning slowly to face around with him. Having faced in 
the opposite direction, the head of the column moves off 
in the new direction, each succeeding two wheeling on the 
same ground. 

8. I. Form fours, 2. Left [or right) oblique, 3. AIARCH. 
At the command March the leading two of each four take 
short steps ; the rear two oblique in the direction com- 
manded till they uncover the forward two, when they move 
to the front. The four being formed, the regulation step 
is resumed. (Fig. i.) 



rD;a--- 



<^<S 



9. I. Right {or left) by twos, 2. MARCH. The two 
on the side indicated in the command move straight for- 
ward ; the remaining two mark time till disengaged, when 
they oblique into their place behind the others. 

Oblique Marching. Each man half faces to side indi- 
cated, at the same time stepping in the new direction. 
He preserves his relative position, keeping his shoulders 
parallel with those of the man at his side, and so regulates 
his step as to keep a line drawn through him and the man 
at his side parallel with such a line dra-wn when marching 
forward, abreast. (See A B, Fig. 2.) 



88 



The file lines from front to rear should be straight and 
parallel with the original line of march. (See C D, Fig. 2.) 

At the command Forwan/, JSIARCH, each man half 
faces to the direction from which he turned and the 
original direction is taken. 



/ 
/ 



I I I II. 



7\ 



^¥^^ 



B 



<^<^<^0 



I f I 1 I 

D 
I I I I I 



m 



Fig. 2. 



PrOGRAiM IV. 

FALL IN COLUMN. (80) 

ATTENTION. 

I. Left, 2. FACE. 

Count off by fours. 

I. Fours right (or left), 2. MARCH. 

I. Column left (or right), 2. MARCH. 

I. Right (or left) by file, 2. MARCH. 

I. Company, 2. HALT. 



89 



9- I. Left (or right), 2. FACE. 

10. I. Front take distance, 2. MARCH. 

11. I. Assemble, 2. MARCH. 

Explanations. 

5. I. Fours right {or left), 2. MARCH. Each four 
wheel ninety degrees to the right (or left) on a fixed pivot, 
the pivot turning strictly in his place. The man on the 
marching flank maintains the full step, moving on the arc 
of a circle with the pivot man as a center. The men dress 
on the marching flank, shorten their steps according to 
their distance from it, and keep their intervals from the 
pivot. Having executed the quarter turn, the column of 
fours thus formed marches forward till another command 
is given. (Fig. 3.) 

3-0-1425-2-96. 




Fig. 3. 



6. \. Column left {or right), Z.MARCH. The lead- 
ing four execute a turn of ninety degrees in the direction 
indicated, as described above ; the rest wheel on the same 
ground. 

7. I. Right {or left) by file, 2. MARCH. Executed 
as from twos. (85) 

Program V. 

1. FALL IN LINE. 

2. FRONT. 

^. Count off double ones and twos. 



90 



4- I. Right (or left), 2. FACE. (Si) 

5. I. Forward, 2. MARCH. (84) 

6. I. Form twos, 2. Left (or right) oblique, 3. 

MARCH. (85) 

7. Bring column up facing platform. 

8. I. Open order, 2. MARCH. 

9. I. Close order, 2. MARCH. 

TO. I. Forward, 2. Column left (or right), 3. MARCH. 

II. I. Right (or left) by file, 2. MARCH. 

Explanations. 
3. Coimt off double ones and hvos. The first two take 
the number one; the third and fourth, two ; the fifth and 
sixth, one, etc. 

8. I. Open order, 2. MARCH. This is a Swedish 
method, and either as given here or as will be given later 
is a very good one. At first, to secure precision of execu- 
tion, count one, two, three, after giving the command. 

1. All take one side step outward. 

2. All take one side step outward. 

3. Numbers i take one side step to the left, num- 

bers 2 one side step to the right. 

9. I. Close order, 2. MARCH. Count as m No. 8, 
one, two, three, till precision is obtained. 

1. Ones, one step to right, twos, one step to left. 

2. All one step inward. ^ 

3. All one step inward. 

ID. \. Foricard, 2. Column left {or right), y MARCH. 
This command puts the column in motion and changes 
direction at the same time. 

Program VI. 

1. FALL IN COLUMN. 

2. ATTENTION. 

3. Count off triple ones and twos. 

4. T. Right (or left), 2. FACE. 



91 

5- I. Forward, 2. Column left (or right) about, 
3. MARCH. (85 and 87) 

6. [. Coluuin right (or left), 2. MARCH. 

7. I. Form threes, 2. Right (or left) oblique, 3. 

MARCH. 

8. Bring up facing platform. 

9. I. Open order, 2. MARCH. 
I. Close order, 2. MARCH. 



I. Left (or right) by file, 2. MARCH. 

FXPLANATIONS. 

3. CouJit off triple ones and tzvos. First three number i, 
second three number 2, etc. 

7. Forming threes. Executed as in forming twos and 
fours. 

9. T. Open order, 2. MARCH. On counts one, two, 
and three, the middle column stands fast, while the rest 
take one step outward. 

On count four, ones take one step left, twos one step 
right. 

This will place the men as follows : 

I I I 

222 
I I I , 

222 

10. I. Close order, 2. MARCH. On count one, ones 
take one step right, twos one step left. 

On counts two, three and four, the middle column 
stands fast, while the rest take one step inward. 

Program VII. 

1. FALL IN COLUMN. 

2. ATTENTION. 

3. I. Left (or right), 2. FACE. 



4- Count off by fours. 

5. I. Fours right (or left), 2. MARCH. (89) 

6. I. Column left (or right), 2. MARCH- (89) 

7. I. By the left (or right) flank, 2. MARCH. 
Repeat for practice, and from column of fours give 

Right (or left) by file, 2. MARCH. 
Fours by the left (or right) flank, 2. Take 

tervals, 3. MARCH. 
Right, 2. FACE. 

Forward, 2. Close order, 3. MARCH, 
Column left about, 2. MARCH. 



8. 


I 


9- 


I 


10. 


I 


II. 


I 


12. 


I 



Explanations. 

7. \. By the lejt {or right) flank, 2. MARCH. At the 
command March, given as the left foot strikes the ground 
for left flank, or as the right foot strikes the ground for 
right flank, advance the other foot, turn in the direction 
indicated, on the balls of both feet, and step off in the 
new direction with the foot on the side to which the flank 
movement is to be executed, (iive the same command, 
with the opposite direction, to resume column of fours. 
(Fig. 4-) 

□ n □ □ 

□ □ □ □ 

□ □ □ □ 

□ □ □ □ 



Fig. 4. 



93 



9- \. Fours by the left {or right) flank, 2. Take inter- 
vals, 3. MARCH. This command maybe given when 
the men are marching in cohimn of files across the gym- 
nasium on the side opposite the platform, to bring them 
toward the platform for calisthenic work. The prepara- 
tory command must be given at such time that the com- 
mand of execution may be given as the first four are just 
opposite the platform. The four will execute the flank 
movement as taught under No. 7 of this series. 

The " intervals," in this case, will be a space of from six 
to seven feet between each two men, and may be taken 
by raising the arms to side horizontal and allowing from 
six inches to a foot between the outstretched hands. The 
men spread out as they march toward the platform. Only 
the command MARCH need be repeated for succeeding 
fours to indicate when the flank turn is to be made. They 
then spread out, dressing behind the front rank, at an in- 
terval of six to seven feet behind them. (Fig. 5.) 



^!tcu/-^-t^ry-> 



El m 



173 



[a '\^ (j)\ /up / 



'\ \ )u\W\ / 






Fig. S. 



94 



If desired, the men may be commanded to count off by 
fives and fours, and the fours instructed to dress in the 
intervals between the fives, thus : 

54321 

4321 

54321 

4321 

11. I. Forivard, 2. Close order, 3. MARCH. At 
the command March the head of each column of files 
marks time, while those behind close to arm"s length, when 
all mark time till the next command is given. 

12. I. Column left abojit, 2. MARCH. When ar- 
ranged in this manner this command is to be executed as 
follows: The column on the left executes left about, and 
each column on the right successively falls into place in 
the rear of the forming column-of-the-whole. 

Program VIII. 

1. FALL IN LINE. 

2. FRONT. 

3. Count off by fours. 

4. I. Fours left (or right), 2. MARCH. 

5. I. Company, 2. HALT. 



6. I. Right, 2. FACE. 

7. I. Front take distance, 2. MARCH. 

8. I. Twos and fours two side steps to right (or left), 

2. MARCH. 

9. I. Twos and fours two side steps to left (or right), 

2. MARCH. 

10. I. Forward, 2. Close order, 3. MARCH. 

11. I. Column right (or left), 2. MARCH. 



Explanations. 

5. I. Company, 2. HALT. Given when fours come 
to an angle of ninety degrees from original position. 



95 

7- I. Front take distance, 2. MARCH. When in 
this position this command means that the forward man 
shall take six paces, the next four, the next two, and 
the last remain in place ; or such similar intervals as the 
dimensions of the gymnasium make desirable. 

8 and 9. These are self-explanatory, the latter to be 
given after calisthenic work. 

ir. I. Cohimn right {or left), 2. MARCH. To be 
executed like No. 12, page 94. 

In place of this way of getting into march, after No. 
10 has been executed and Halt called, Left (or right) 
Face may be given, followed by Fours right (or left) 
March, and Company, Halt, as they come into line. A 
facing command will then form the column. 



Program IX. 



J- 



FALL IN LINE. 

FRONT. 

Count off by fours. 



4. I. Right forward, 2. Fours right, 

5. I. Right by file, 2. MARCH. 

6. I. Form fours, 2. Left (or right) oblique, 3. MARCH 

7. I. To the right (or left) take intervals, 2. MARCH. 

8. I. To the left (or right) assemble, 2. MARCH. 

9. Put in column of files in any way desired. 



Explanations. 

4. I. Right forzvard, 2. Foms right, 3. MARCH. 
At the command MARCH the right four moves straight 
to the front, shortening the first three or four steps; the 
other fours wheel to the right, each on a fixed pivot, the 
second four, when its wheel is two-thirds completed, 
wheels to the left on a movable pivot, and follows the 
first; the other fours, having wheeled to the right, move 



96 



forward, and each wheels to tht 
to follow the second. 



left on a movable 



pivot 




6. I. For//i/ours, 2. Left [or right) oblique, i. MARCH. 
In forming fours from column of files, No. i or No. 4, 
whichever may be the leading man of each four, marks 
time till the others of the four are abreast, when the full 
step is resumed. 

7. T. To the right {or left) take intervals, 2. MARCH. 
Having brought the column of fours up to the side of the 
room and halted them, and having assigned to the three 
men on the side toward which the movement is to be ex- 
ecuted the intervals, 9, 6, and 3 paces, or 12, 8, and 4 
paces, the above command is executed as follows : at the 
command March the three men who are to take intervals 
turn and march, each his required distance, and then face 
forward ; the fourth man remains in place. 

S. I. 71:7 the left {or right) assemble, 2. MARCH. 
This is executed the reverse of the above. The man on 
the side to which the men are commanded to assemble 
stands fast ; the rest turn, on the command March, move 
to within facing distance, and face forward. 



3- 




4- 




5- 




6. 




7- 




8. 




9- 




lO. 




II. 





97 
Program X. 

FALL IN LINE. 
FRONT. 

Forward, 2. Guide right (or left), 3. MARCH. 
I. Fours right (or left), 2. MARCH. 

Fours left (or right) about, 2. MARCH. 

Fours right, 2. MARCH, 3. Guide right (or 
left). 

To the rear, 2. MARCH. 

By the left flank, 2. MARCH. 

Company, 2. HALT. 

Front take distance, . 2. MARCH. 

Assemble, 2. MARCH. 



Explanations. 

3. I. Forward, 2. Guide right [or left). 
The men step off, the guide marching straight to the 
front. The men preserve their intervals toward the side 
of the guide, yielding to pressure from that side and re- 
sisting pressure from the opposite direction. While habit- 
ually keeping the head to the front, they may occasion- 
ally glance toward the side of the guide to preserve align- 
ment and intervals. The head is turned as little as pos- 
sible for this purpose. 

4. I. Fours right {or left), 2. MARCH. Having 
turned through ninety degrees, the column of fours thus 
formed marches straight forward. 

5. I. Fours left {or right) about, 2. MARCH. Each 
four turns through a half circle on a fixed pivot, and the 
column of fours thus formed in reversed order marches 
straight forward. 

6. I. Fours right, 2. MARCH, 3. Guide right {or 
left). The guide is announced as the fours come into 
line. 



98 



7- \. To the rear, 2. MARCH. At the command 
Marc/i, given as the right foot strikes the ground, advance 
and plant the left ; then turn on the balls of both feet, 
face to the right about, and immediately step off with the 
left foot. 

Miscellaneous. 

Following are a few commands which may be needed 
or desired occasionally, but which have been given no 
special place in the "Daily Programs." 

I. S/torf step, 2. MARCH. Take steps of fifteen 
inches. The full step is resumed at the commands i. 
Forzuard, 2. MARCH. 

I. Backward, 2. MARCH. .Step back with the left 
foot fifteen inches straight to the rear, measuring from 
heel to heel, then with the right foot, and so on, the feet 
alternating. 

I. Left [or right) step, 2. MARCH. Carry the left 
foot twelve inches to the left, keeping knees straight and 
shoulders square to the front. As soon as the left foot is 
planted bring the right foot to the side of it, and con- 
tinue the movement, observing the cadence for each foot, 
as for cjuick time. 

I. Change step, 2. MARCH. Given when in march. 
At the command March, given as the right foot comes to 
the floor, the left foot is advanced and planted. The toe 
of the right is then advanced near the heel of the left, the 
man again stepping off with the left. The change on the 
right foot is similarly executed, the command March being 
given as the left foot strikes the floor. 

When men are seen to be out of step, the command 
Step is given. The step is then taken from the head of the 
column, those out of step catching the step as indicated 
above. 

I. On tiptoe, 2. APARCH. This is convenient some- 
times for exercise of calf muscles or to correct heavy, flat- 
footed marching. It needs no explanation. 



99 

I. Right {or left) side skip, 2. MARCHs This may be 
given with the run on a running track or in the field for 
vigorous exercise and to develop the muscles of the side 
and inner thighs. 

Turn, facing at right angles to the direction in which 
the skip is to be executed, for example, to the right; 
spring sideways thirty-six inches or more, landing on the 
ball of the right foot, the knee bending sufficiently for a 
springy movement. Spring again to the right, bringing 
the left down in the place of the right as the right is car- 
ried to the side in the next skip. From eighty to one 
hundred skips per minute is a good rate. 

Qjiick time. This is the usual cadence, 120 steps, of 
thirty inches each, per minute. 

Do-iMe time. One hundred and eighty steps, of thirty- 
six inches each, per minute. Command, i. Forward, 
2. Double tijiie, 3. MARCH. At the command i^crw^r^/ 
throw the weight of the body on the right leg; at the 
command Double ti?ne raise the hands till the forearms 
are horizontal, fingers closed, nails toward the body, 
elbows to the rear. 

At the command March carry forward the left foot, leg 
slightly bent, knee somewhat raised, and plant the foot 
thirty-six inches from the right; continue this alternate 
movement of the feet, throwmg the weight of the body 
forward, and allowing a natural swinging motion of the 
arms. To resume ordinary cadence, command i. Qjiick 
time, 2. MARCH. 

Field Drill. 

The following is a drill which may be used as arranged, 
when there is room for more extended manoeuvers, as in 
a field. It is based on the same formation as already 
given for use in the gymnasium, and is only an extension 
of gymnasium tactics, which may be of use sometimes in 
place of regular military formation and training. 



( )nly such Explanations as have not already been given 
will be included here. 



1. FALL IN COLUMN. 

2. ATTENTION. 

3. I. Left (or right), 2. FACE, or 

1. FALL IN. 

2. I. Right (or left), 2. DRESS. 

3. FRONT. 

4. Count off by fours (from right flank). 

5. I. Right, 2. FACE. 

6. I. Mark time, 2. MARCH. 

7. I. Forward, 2. MARCH. 

S. I. Column left (or right), 2. MARCH. 

9. I. Column left (or right) about, 2. MARCH. 

10. I. Form twos, 2. Left (or right) oblique, 3. 

MARCH. 

11. Changes of direction in column of twos. 

12. I. Form fours, 2. Left (or right) oblique, 3. 

MARCH. 
[3. I. Column left (or right), 2. MARCH. 

14. I. Change step, 2. MARCH. 

15. I. Right (or left) by twos, 2. MARCH. 

16. I. Right (or left) by file, 2. MARCH. 

17. I. Form fours, 2. Left (or right) oblique, 3. 

MARCH. 
iS. I. Incline to the left (or right), 2. MARCH. 

19. I. Forward, 2. MARCH. 

20. I. Left (or right) oblique, 2. MARCH. 

21. 1. Forward, 2. MARCH. 

22. I. Column half left (or right), 2. MARCH. (Re- 

peat.) 
By the left (or right) flank, 2. MARCH. 
4. The above in opposite direction to resume column 
of fours. 



-J 



I. Fours left (or right), 

left (or right). 
I. Fours right (or left), 2. MARCH. 
I. Left (or right) front into line, 2. MARCH. 
I. Company, 2. HALT. 
FRONT. 
I. Right (or left) forward, 2. Fours right (or left), 

3. MARCH. 



31- 


I. Fours left (or right) about, 2. MARCH. 


32- 


I. On right (or left) into line, 2. MARCH. 


33\ 


I. Company, 2. HALT. 


34- 


FRONT. 


35- 


I. Fours right, 2. Column right (or left). 




MARCH. 


36. 


I. Fours left, 2. MARCH, 3. Guide right 




left). 


37- 


I. To the rear, 2. MARCH. (Repeat.) 


38. 


I. Company, 2. HAI^T. 


39- 


I. Right, 2. DRESS. 


40. 


FRONT. 


41. 


I. Right (or left) hand, 2. SALUTE. 


42. 


I. Break ranks, 2. MARCH. 




Explanations. 



(or 



18 and 19. \. Incline to the left {or right), 2. MARCH. 
I. Fonaard, 2. MARCH. A slight change of direction 
as for clearing an obstacle in front of one side of the 
column. The command I. Fo7'7uard, 2. Af ARCH is given 
to resume the original direction. 

22. I. Column half left {or right), 2. MARCH. A 
change of direction forty-five degrees from original line 
of march. Repeat command for practice and to get line 
where it is wanted for further work. 

27. I. Left {or right) front into line, 2. MARCH. 

28. I. Company, 2. HALT. 



102 



29- FRONT. At" the command March the leading 
four moves straight to the front, dressing to the right if 
the command is left front, or vice versa; the other fours 



I I I I I I I I I I I I I I J i i 




crr.XT.-J 



r-r-r-r-. 

L_i — I — »_ J 



' .<><><><> 



yv 



Mil l 



rrr 



I I I I I' 



Fig. 7. 



obliciue in the direction indicated in the command till 
opposite their places in line, when each marches to the 
front. 

At the command Halt, given when the leading four has 
advanced a short distance, it halts and dresses as indica- 
ted above. The other fours halt and dress in the same 
way upon arriving in the line. The command Front is 
given when the last four is in place and has dressed. 



I03 



32. I. 0)1 the right {or left) into line, 2. MARCH. 

22- I- Cornpimy, 2. HALT. 

34. FRONT. At the command March the leading 
four wheels to the right on a movable pivot and moves 
forward, dressing to the right. Each of the other fours 



-zr:::.\ 



t:;n:::q 



_ - ' I' 



I ii" 1 i 

I I I I I 



Fig. 8. 

marches a distance equal to its front beyond the wheeling 
point of the four next preceding, wheels to the right and 
advances as explained for the first four. 

At the command Halt, given when the leading four has 
advanced a short distance in the new direction, it halts 
and dresses to the right; the other fours halt and dress 
as they arrive in line. The command Front is given when 
the last four has come into line and dressed. 

35. I . Foicrs right., 2 . Cohan n right { or left) , 3 . MA R CH. 
Execute fours right and then change direction. The first 
four executes right about (180 degrees) and marches in 



T04 



the direction it is tlien facing ; the remaining fours wheel 
on the same ground. 

Fancy Marching. 

There is a range of figure or " fancy " marching to much 
of which military commands are not applicable. This 
style of marching is very interesting to some classes, and 
may occasionally be used in exhibitions to good advantage. 
Brief descriptive commands are desirable. 

The following is a simple series. A little ingenuity 
will suggest many interesting figures. 



3 

L ' J 


™ J, 

H 3 

1 1 

H 3 

V 2/ ^ Z'^^l 3 1 3 


,c 3 3 11 - 

a 1 

^3 

X I 
(V H-3 


^3X1 
^ ^ 1 1 
3 3 il 


1 H- 

r 3 an 

i ^ J i 

¥ 3 a 1 
0/) ¥ 3 a. 1 


H 3 ti \ ^ 3 a 1 

3 7 V i 



lo: 



Sixteen is a good number for this drill. A square from 
twenty to forty feet on a side is necessary, preferably the 
latter. The commands are as follows, the diagrams ex- 
plaining them : 

1. FALL IN LINE. 

2. FRONT. 





« If 
if 3 i 1 4 3 1 1 

03) 


(IV) 


if 31 1 

if 3 i 1 

H 1 

1 if 




>^ H 3 x\ I 
if 3 i 1 

^5j 


(/4) 


a I 

if 3 

% \ 

4-3 

if if ^ -f. 1 I 
1 3>^ VI, J, 




1 ^ ' 

J' if 3 -^ 
A 1 
if 3 

(IV 


t 

1 

3 
1 

3 

f 


3- 
4- 

5- 


Count off by fours. 
I. Right, 2. FACE. 
I. Forward, 2. MAR 


CH. 





io6 



6. Changes of direction to bring column marching 
toward leader's platform. 

7. Right and left. 

8. Form Twos. 



3 3 1 i 
f ^ 11 


T 

^ 1 

U3) ^ 3 i 2 
3 a 

3^. 


Ur 1 

i 
3 1. 

3 a. 

4r-3 S % %-^ 


^3 3 i 5 ;^^ f. Sb^ 


■w 


(<73 



9. Twos right and left. 

10. Form Fours. 

11. Fours right and left. 

12. Form Eights. 



107 



13- Fours right and left. 

14. Fours alternate. 

15. Twos right and left. 

16. Twos alternate. 



f^ 



<£ \J 




^ 



(L \j 







y 



^ \i 



17. Right and left. 

18. Alternate. 

19. Right and left. (Fig. 7.) 

20. Form Twos, (Fig. 8.) 



io8 

21. Twos right and left. (Fig. 9.) 

22. To center (given at middle of sides). 

23. To sides (meaning middle of sides). 

24. To corners. 



^ 



L/ A 



J5J J 



^ 



(L \J 



f ^ 



(.?:-) 



U_ J 



^ 



r 



v.^.vj 



J 



n 



(.^WJ 






>5. To center. 

;6. Right to corners. 

17. Right to corners. 

:8. To center. 



[09 



29. Left to corners. 

30. Left to corners. 

31. To center. 

32. Right to corners. 





(HI) 


(^1) A 

J 


1 


r 

< — 





33. Left to corners. 

34. To center. 

35. Right to corners. 

36. Left to corners. 



no 



■^•j. Left to middle, 

38. To center. 

39. Left to sides. 

40. I>eft to corners. 



J 


I < 7) 

r 

1 


t 

I 
' 1 


1 




1 

vy 

3 



41. Left to middle. 

42. To center. 

43. Mark time. 

44. Left Face. 



1 1 1 



45. Right Wheel. 

46. Left Wheel. 

47. Company Halt. 

48. About, Face. 




49. Left Wheel. 

50. Right Wheel. 
CI. Left Wheel. 



52. I. Left tangent, 

2. Short Step, 

3. MARCH. 

53. I. Mark time, 

2. Close order, 

3. MARCH. 

54. I. In single column, 

2. Left about, 

3. MARCH. 

Possible Chan(;es. 

The following is suggestive of the commands which 
may properly be given when the men are in any given 
order. Each command of any series is made possible by 
the arrangement indicated at the beginning of the series. 
The commands are not nitended to follow each other. 

1. P>om line at halt. 

1. Dressing commands. 

2. Facings. 

3. Forward, MARCH. 

4. Backward, MARCH. 

5. Side step. 

6. Twos, threes, or fours right (or left). 

7. Twos, threes, or fours right (or left), column 

right (or left). 

8. Twos, threes, or fours right (or left), column 

right (or left) about. 

9. Right (or left) forward, fours right (or left). 
10. Front take distance, MARCH. 

2. From line in march. 

1. To the rear. 

2. 15y the right (or left) flank. 

3. Twos, threes, or fours right (or left). 

4. Twos, threes, or fours right (or left), column 

right (or left). 



1 1 



5. Twos, threes, or fours right (or left), column 

right (or left) about. 

6. Right (or left) forward, fours right (or left). 

From column of files in march. 

Column right (or left). 

Column right (or left) about. 

To the rear. 

By the right (or left) flank. 

Form twos. 

Form fours. 

Oblique, MARCH. 



4. From column of twos in march. 

1. Column right (or left). 

2. Column right (or left) about. 

3. Twos right (or left). 

4. Twos right (or left) about. 
5 To the rear. 

6. By the right (or left) flank. 

7. Form fours. 

5. Right (or left) by file. 
9. Oblique, MARCH. 

5. From column of fours in march. 

1. Column right (or left). 

2. Column right (or left) about. 

3. Fours right (or left). 

4. Fours right (or left) about. 

5. To the rear. 

6. By the right (or left) flank. 

7. Oblique, MARCH. 

8. Right (or left) by twos. 

9. Right (or left) by file. 

ID. Right (or left) front into line. 

II. On right (or left) into line. 



114 



Reference.'- 



For the convenience of those wishing to study the sub- 
ject further is appended a partial list of books and articles 
which may prove helpful.- 

Infantry Drill Regulations, U. S. A. 

Light Gymnastics, Wm. G. Anderson. 

A Primer of Physical Training, Wm. G. xA.nderson. 

School Tactics, Wm. A. Stecher. 

Figure Marching, Gymnast and Athletic Review, 1893 
and 1894. 

" Marching," in pamphlet form, can be obtained from 
the Athletic League. Price, ten cents. 



HOME DUMB-BELL DRILL. 



Robert /. Roberts. 



This drill is called the Home Dumb-Bell Drill because 
it is so simple that it can be done in the home or any- 
where else. 

It is a health or hygienic drill. Emphasis is laid on the 
movements which exercise the back, as by this means 
erect carriage is secured. 

The drill is not an experiment, but has been in success- 
ful use for over ten years. 

Notes to Home Dumb-Bell Drill. 

When you know the drill well drop the sixteenth or 
twenty-fourth count and name the following exercise in- 
stead, thus pass from one movement to*another without 
making any stop. The effect is pleasing., and on that ac- 
count more beneficial. Always work long enough to get 
the body into a state of free perspiration when you use 
this drill as a substitute for your gymnasium hour. Don't 
forget to take a sponge bath afterward. When the body 
is very fat, drink little, eat less, and work harder in the 
open air. When practicing the drill work hard and mod- 
erately fast ; put much force and power into all the body 
swings and arm thrusts and sweeps. Repeat and repeat 
a movement over and over again before you pass on to 
the next exercise. While working, wear a heavy, loose, 
loosely woven woollen sweater. Take a cool sponge bath 
right after your exercise. Use this drill wisely, as out of 
it you can make slow, light, quick, or heavy work, as the 
state of your constitution and temperament may demand 



ii6 



To illustrate : If you are of a nervous temperament prac 
tice the drill slowly. If very fat or of a phlegmatic tem- 
perament, with a few exceptions, do your work more 
quickly. If you are in a fairly normal condition, work 
moderately strong and fast enough to make the body per- 
spire. If you wish to grow very strong and gain a showy 
muscular development, work hard, slow, and long, and 
put strong action into all parts of each exercise, as though 
you were using five-pound bells. Be careful not to overdo- 
in this last way of working, as you can make yourself as 
slow and muscle bound as a heavy lifter or heavy dumb- 
bell pusher. Free bodily movements, of which this drill is 
a type, are the foundation of body-building work. To pre- 
vent any soreness, practice very lightly and for short 
periods of time the first six or seven times. Then in 
crease your working tima in moderate doses, and practice 
the drill the days you do not attend the gymnasium. If 
you are faithful for a season in the daily practice of this 
valuable little home drill, you will become more active, 
stronger, more enduring, and better able to drink in more 
freely than ever before that only true purifier of the blood 
— fresh outdoor air. 

If your chest is fiat follow the hint that is given with 
the flip, and don't go beyond a vertical and practice the 
front chest elevator an extra number of times. If your 
chest is narrow pay much attention to the faithful practice 
of side chest elevator and the vertical push. When the 
chest is flat and narrow everything should be done to 
quickly increase the size of the chest. Practice deep 
breathing, indoors and ont. If the muscular chest is poorly 
developed, practice the muscular chest very often. If the 
abdomen is large the flip is your special work, taking care 
to always go beyond yotir vertical. If you are stoop- 
shouldered the dry land swim is indicated. If the loins 
are weak the cradle rock is the work to practice the most. 
Generally the parts of this drill that should be used the 



117 

most are the parts that weary one the quickest. Take 
the special work at a time of the day that you feel fresh 
and strong. Always stop exercising when you feel in a 
state of invigoration ; if you exercise till you feel tired 
07it it will do more harm than good. 

This drill may be done many different ways. The best 
way to do it, when the small of the back is weak and the 
glutaeus (or buttock muscles) are poorly developed, is to 
practice it with the heels close together and the knees 
straight. 

In the stiff arm movements be careful to swing to side- 
horizontals and to swing down close by the sides of thighs 
As you do so, keep your chin in close to your neck and 
your head up and back. 

This Home Dumb-Bell Drill is for the average man. 
Counting up to thirty-two will take about five minutes. 
Take it strong and quick in the morning, followed up with 
a quick, cool sponge bath, and it will*stimulate. Taken 
before going to bed, it should be gone through slowly, 
and it will prove a good sedative, especially if it be sup- 
plemented with a warm bath. The drill should only be 
taken the day you omit attending the gymnasium. (Take 
for your special work the part of the drill that affects the 
weakest portion of your body, because the body should be 
developed by moderate and light exertions rather than 
heavy and dangerous ones, the weakest portions always 
receiving chief attention, and being more frequently sub- 
jected to movements adapted to their invigoration and 
growth.) 

This drill may be conducted without any bells in the 
hands. It was devised for a class of persons who could 
find but little time to attend the gymnasium, such as com- 
mercial travellers, business and professional men. Open 
your windows wide and let in the fresh air, and practice 
this drill just before your meals. If yon have time to eat, 
yon have time to exercise. 



Hi 



Use wooden bells weighing from one to two pounds 
each. The Gymnasium Dumb-Bell Drill, from which this 
Home Dumb-Bell Drill is an extract, is for all. It is the 
Graham bread and butter of body-building exercises. (If 
your health is good and you are in fair form, go lightly and 
loosely clad while doing your work. If health is poor or 
body too fat, clothe all parts of the body warmly but 
loosely. The person in poor health saves vitality and 
the person overfat loses his extra fat the sooner. Gargle 
your throat with cold water after doing the drill, but drink 
but little if you are a fat man.) 

Breathe slozvly and deeply a dozen times, pist before and 
after doi7t^- this drill. Don't do the movements in a jerky 
manner, nor too rapidly. 

No. I. Side Pushes. 

Ahite. — Emphasize all counts. 

Position. — Head up, chin 
in, chest out, shoulders back 
and down, feet spread about 
twenty inches apart, bells 
grasped tightly in hands, arms 
straight and hanging by sides 
of thighs, palms in. 



Count ()\i.-— Swing be- 
tween spread feet, palm side 
of bells close together; bend 
your back as much as possible, 
trying to get your head near 
the floor; bend the knees a 
little; don't strike bells on the 
floor. 





T19 




Count Two. — Bring bells 
to face of shoulders, palms up. 



Count Three. — Push 
strong to sides horizontals, 
twisting the bells so that the 
palms will be down at the 
sides horizontals. 





Count Four. — Bring bells 
back strong to face of shoul- 
ders, palms up.^ 



No. 2. Muscular Chest. 

Note. — Emphasize counts 
three and four. 

Count One. — Raise bells 
to sides horizontals, elbows 
stiff, palms down. 





Count Two. — Swing easy 
to a front horizontal ; keep el- 
bows stiff, and don't strike 
hard. 



Count Three. — Swing 
strong and back to sides hor- 
izontals, elbows stiff, chest for- 
ward, palms down. 





J 



Count Four. — Bring bells 
down hard to sides of thighs, 
elbows stiff, palms in, contract- 
ing the back upper arm muscles 
and the back lozver chest muscles. 
Pay much attention to putting 
strong emphasis on this count, 
as it quickl) develops the con- 
tractile power of the muscles 
that help to keep the shoulders 
down and back in proper posi- 
tion. 



No. 3. Forward Push. 

N'ote. — Emphasize all counts. 

Count One. — Swing be- 
tween feet as in side pushes. 





Count Two. — Bring bells 
to face of shoulders, palms up, 
throwing elbows far back, so 
that you can pass a cane be- 
tween the upper arms and back. 



23 



Coijxr T H R K K . — Push 
strong to a front horizontal, 
twisting the wrists so that the 
palms will be down at the front 
horizontal. 




Count Four. — Bring bells 
back strong to face of shoul- 
ders. 



124 



No. 4. Dry Land Swim. 

Noti'. — Emphasize counts two 
and four. 

Count One. Swing to a 
front liorizontal, elbows stiff, 
palms down. 





C o u N I 'r \v o . — S w i n g 
strong and steady, without any 
jerky motion, to sides hor- 
izontals, palms down. 



125 



Count Three. — Swing 
back easy to a front horizontal ; 
don't strike bells hard in front ; 
palms down. 





Count Four.— Swing down 
past sides of thighs, carrying 
the hands as far back as pos- 
sible without bringing head 
forward; throw your front 
chest well forward (sternum 
expression) as your bells are 
swinging past your thighs. 



126 



No. 5. Vertical Push. 

N'ote. — Emphasize all counts. 

Count One. — Swing be- 
tween spread feet, as in for- 
ward push. 





CouNJ Twcj. — luring bells 
to face of shoulders. 



127 



CouNr Three. — Push to 
a high vertical, twistilig the 
bells so that the back of the 
hands will come as close to- 
gether as the bells will allow. 
Be sure to reach up so high 
that the elbows will be stiff 
when you reach the limit of 
the upstretch. 





Count Four. — Bring bells 
back to face of shoulders. 



128 



No. 6. Side Chest Elevator. 

Note. — Emphasize counts three 
and four. 

Count One. — Lower bells 
to sides horizontals ; keep el- 
bows stiff, palms down. 





Cot'NT Two. — Swing easy 
to a front horizontal; don't 
strike bells hard ; reason — 
tends to develop those muscles 
that pull the shoulders forward. 



% 



I 



129 



Count Three. — Swing 
strong and steady, without a 
jerky motion, to sides hor- 
izontals, palms down. 





Count Four. — Swing up 
strong and steady to a high 
vertical, keeping elbows stiff; 
try to touch upper arms close 
to ears and the sides of the 
bells together. 



No. 7. The Flip. 
N'oie. — Emphasize all counts. 

N'otc. — If your waist girth is small never go beyond a 
vertical in any of the high up reach movements. If, on 
the other hand, your waist girth is large, always go about 
six inches beyond the 7'e?'tii-al when you reach up. The 
norvial 7vaist measiirement should he ahojtt ei<^Jit inches 
sfnaller than the expanded chest. 




Count One. — Swing be- 
tween spread feet as you do in 
the vertical push. 



Count Two. — Swing bells 
up and o\er the head, bending 
the elbows and trying to touch 
the thumb ends between the 
shoulder blades. 




13' 




Count Three. — Swing 
back between spread feet as 
you do in first part of move- 
ment in count one. 



Count Four. — Swing bells 
up to a high vertical without 
rising on the toes ; keep elbows 
stiff and reach forward as far 
as you can without rising off the 
heels as you pass up through 
the horizontal, palm sides of 
bells coming close together as 
bells will allow. 

Special Note. — If your waist 
girth is over large, go back- 
wards about six inches on all 
vertical movements, especially 
this, your special one, the Flip. 




132 




Xo. S. Front Ciikst 
Elevator. 

Xofe. — Emphasize counts two 
and four. 

Count One. — Eower bells 
to a front horizontal, palms 
down, elbows stiff, reaching as 
far forward as possible without 
risine off the heels. 



Count Two. — Swing strong 
and steady, without any jerky 
motion, to side horizontals, 
palms down, chin in. and chest 
forward. 




133 




C(JUNT Three. — Bi-ing bells 
back easy to a front horizontal : 
don't strike them hard, as that 
tends to develop the muscles 
that draw the shoulders for- 
ward. 



Count Four. — Swing up 
strong and steady to a high 
vertical, keeping elbows stiff, 
and slide front upper arms 
close to the ears. 




34 



No. 9. Combine i, 3, 5 and 7. 
Position. — Same as you take for side pushes. 

Side Pushes, No. i. 

1. Swing between spread feet. 

2. Bring to face of shoulders. 

3. Push to side horizontals. 

4. Bring to face of shoulders. 

Forward Push, No. 3. 

5. Swing between spread feet. 

6. Bring to face of shoulders. 

7. Push to a front horizontal. 
S. Bring to face of shoulders. 

Vertical Push, No. 5.. 
9. Swing between spread feet. 
TO. Bring to face of shoulders. 

11. Push to a high vertical. 

12. Bring to face of shoulders. 

The Flii>, No. 7. 

13. Swing between spread feet. 

14. Swing to back of neck. 

15. Swing to between spread feet. 

16. Swing to a high vertical. 



No. lo. Cradle Rock. 



Position. — Bells at a 




high vertical, elbows stiff, front 
upper arms close to ears; 
bring palms of hands close to- 
gether as sides of bells will 
allow, reach up high without 
rising off the heels. Keep the 
front chest out, shoulders 
square to the front, knees stiff, 
heels on floor. Don't lean 
either forward or backward, 
as this will bring small of back 
or abdominal muscles into ex- 
tra play, which is not wanted 
at this time. Now rock side- 
ways from right to left through 
one-quarter of a circle. 



Count' One. Rock toward 
a right side horizontal. 





CouN r Two. Rock toward 
left horizontal. 



Counts 7^2 ov 1^)4 come 
back in the starting position 
for the toe yawn stretch. 
Now, while you slowly count 
I, 2, 3, 4, slowly rise on tips 
of toes, reaching strongly up, 
as if a fifteen-foot giant were 
raising you from off your feet. 
Fill the lungs slowly as you 
are doing this last exercise, 
and all the lower diameters of 
the chest will be mo?'^ fully 
expanded, thus enlarging the 
anterior size of lung room. 




137 



Modifications of the Dumb-Bkll Urii.l. 
The following modifications are intended for use where 
the dumb-bell drill is run so steadily as to make it monot- 
onous, or where it is desired to make it progressively 
difficult. Thus, one modification might be introduced 
each month. They add not only to the effectiveness, but 
to the beauty of the drill. 

1. K}iccs straight; that is, in all the movements in 
which there is bending forward at the waist and where 
there is a tendency to bend the knees, keep them vigor- 
ously straight. 

2. Knees straight and feet together. Thus, instead of 
swinging between the legs in 1,3, 5, and 7, the bells are 
simply swung to the toes. 

3. In Nos. I, 3, 5, and 7 jump the feet together every 
time the bell comes from between the legs. Thus, on the 
first m.ovement, the side pushes, the individual is supposed 
to be standing erect, with feet together, bells at sides* 
The teacher says, " Ready, swing ! " On the first count 
the legs are spread and the arms thrust in between the 
knees, as shown in the illustrations. On the second count 
the feet are jumped together again and are kept together 
during the third and fourth counts. On the fifth count 
they are spread, and on the sixth count jumped together 
again. This is an excellent modification. 

4. On the even movements, that is, 2, 4, 6, and 8, add 
the front charges as follows, taking movement No. 2, 
muscular chest: Count i, arms sides horizontals; 2, arms 
front horizontal, left foot advanced, and step straight 
forward, making a forward charge ; 3, bring left foot back, 
arms sides horizontal; 4, arms^to sides. Next time ad- 
vance the right foot, always having them alternating. 
This modification includes the jumping motion of the third. 

5. Same as No. 4, only have charges oblique forward 
to right and left. Face in the direction in which charge 
is made. 



•3'^ 



6. Same as No. 5, only with the charge straight to the 
side. 

7. Same as No. 3, only make a cjuarter turn every time 
the feet are jumped together. This is a very pretty com- 
bination, if done to 16 counts. 

8. Half turns, same as No. 7. 

9. To any of the modifications from 4 to 8 add a short 
jump forward on count 2 and backward on count 3, in 
movements 2, 4, 6 and 8. 

10. Have bells strike the lloor when swung between 
feet. 

1 1. Do the same with knees straight and feet together, 
as in the second modification. 

These modifications are largely suggestive. The thought- 
ful teacher will see an indefinite number of useful modifi- 
cations which can be made, using these as a basis. 



APPARATUS WORK. 



'I'he following exercises are suggested as forming an 
introductory course to the apparatus work. 

BOUNCING BOARD EXERCISES. 

The bouncing Ijoard or flat spring board, it is believed, 
is to occupy a far larger place of usefulness in our gym- 
nasiums in the future. The reasons for this are, briefly : 

First, in connection with hygienic work on the horse, 
buck, elephant, parallel bars, etc., it adds greatly to the 
liveliness of the work. Second, it enables one to wozk on 
higher apparatus, which renders the work more interest- 
ing. Third, the spring is in itself enjoyable. Fourth, 
larger classes can be handled with than without it. 

Before the board should l)e used with apparatus, it 
should be used alone and mastered. The following ex- 
ercises are suggested for this purpose. The work should 
all be done with rapidity and snap, each man following the 
one in front of him as rapidly as possible. 

Instruction should first be given as to the difference 
between jumping from the board and jumping on it and 
letting the elasticity of the board do the work. 

Nothing but class work is mentioned here. Much very 
good work can also be done on the board by one or two 
persons that cannot be done in class. 

Arrange a large, soft mat close up to the side of the 
bouncing board; have a beat board about three feet dis- 
tant. Each exercise should be done several times, or 
until the class does it fairly well. 



I40 



First Series. 

1. Leap from left foot. 

2. Leap from right foot. 

3. Leap from left foot, hop twice. 

4. Leap from right foot, hop twice. 

5. Leap for height, left foot. 

6. Leap for height, right foot. 

7. Leap for distance, left foot. 

8. Leap for distance, right foot. 

9. Hop, left foot. 

10. Hop, right foot. 

11. Hop, left foot, and twice on landing. 

12. Hop, right foot, and twice on landing. 

When these are well done, have them all done with 
arms at (i) front horizontal ; (2) side horizontal; (3) high 
vertical ; (4) akimbo, — each will involve extra muscular 
control; (5) when these are accomplished, place the 
jump standards between the board and the mat and 
gradually raise it from eighteen inches above the board 
as high as the class can well go, doing all of the previous 
exercises; (6) quarter turns can next be added. Ankles 
must be carefulty watched on these. Always leave the 
mat in the direction you are faced on striking it. 

Second Series. 
Jump for height. (Land on both feet in all of these). 
Jump for distance. 
Jump for height, and raisejknees to chest. 

4. Jump for height, body perfectly straight. 

5. Jump for height, straddle. 

6. Sheep jump. (Knees only bent.) 
Jump for height, legs forward and parallel, elbows 

and knees straight. 
8. Jump for height, walk while in air. 
These exercises may be done (i) as described; (2) over 
a string or stick; (3) with one-quarter turns, right or left; 



u» 



(4) with one one-half turns, right or left ; (5) over a string 
or stick placed between the beat and bouncing board, — 
this will make each man get a good jump from both 
boards ; (6) with arm movements or positions, side or 
front horizontal, clap hands, etc. 

ELEMENTARY HORSE WORK. 

Series No. i, adopted by Physical Directors' Conference 
of 1894 and recommended to the Associations for general 
use. Height of pommels, three feet eight inches. 

Sqi'at Vault. 

Squat Vauli' for Ui.stanck. 

Thief Vault. 

Thief Vault for Dlstaxck. 

Wolf Vault to the Left. 

Wolf Vault to the Rioirr. 

Flank Vaulf to thf Lef^t. 

Flank Vauli' to the Richf. 

J'ront Vault to the Lefi. 

P'ront Vault to the Righi. 

Rear Vault to the Left. 

Rear Vault to the Right. 

STRAimLE Vault. 

Pike Jump. 

Straddle Jump Over. 

Leap Over. 

A'otes. — Ih teaching this work to a class, it is best both 
from the standpoint of interest and that of progress to 
undertake but one vault at a time. Thus the first time 
teach the squat vault. Select from each group a few 
typical exercises and have them done repeatedly until the 
class as a whole gets them pretty well. The best time 
to master an exercise is the first time it is presented. 

The squat vaults will be quite enough for the apparatus 
part of one evening. It is best not to attack the one-hand 
vaults until the men are quite well along. 



142 

On the second evening, take the thief vaults with a 
review of the squats. 

The third lesson will naturally include the wolf vaults 
with a review of the preceding. Have something new 
and definite for every evening's work. 

In all the work given here, it is taken for granted that 
the class has been instructed in the use of the spring- 
board, and that the exercises are done with one. Most 
work can be done without, but the work is faster and 
more interesting when one is used. 

Opposite each vault will be found a letter : E for easy ; 
M for moderate ; H for hard. This classification will, of 
course, not hold for every one, as exercises which some 
do readily are hard for others. As an illustration of the 
method of elaboration of work from each of these exer- 
cises the following lists of squat vaults is given. It is not 
to be expected that the pupil shall do all these exercises ; 
they are given as an illustration of the range there is for 
selection. 

Squat Vault. 

In teaching this vault insist that the back be held 
straight, chest out, head up. It may be done with the 
following modifications, or a series of squat vaults may be 
constructed from those hereafter given. When landing 
with the side or front to the horse, always have one or 
both hands on it, arms being straight. Bend the knees, 
but keep back straight in landing. 

With hands on pommels. 

1. Plain. E 

2. With one-quarter left turn. E 

3. With one-half left turn. E 

4. With three-quarters left-turn. E 

5. With full left turn. M 

6. With one-quarter right turn. E 



143 



7- 
8. 

9- 

lO. 

1 1. 

12. 

13- 

14. 



With one-half right turn. E 

With three-quarters right turn. E 

With full right turn. M 

Land opposite neck. E 

Land opposite neck, with one-quarter left turn. E 

Land opposite neck, with one-half left turn. E 

Land opposite neck, with three-quarters left turn. M 

Land opposite neck, with full left turn. M 




Nos. 1 and 2. Squat Vault. 

These illustrations were made from " time " photographs, conse- 
quently the feet rest on the apparatus. In the exercises themselves, 
of course, this is not to be done except as an introductory exercise. 



1 5. Land opposite neck, with one-quarter right turn. M 

16. Land opposite neck, with one-half right turn. M 

17. Land opposite croup. E 

18. Land opposite croup, with one-quarter right turn. E 

19. Land opposite croup, with one-half right turn. E 



f44 



10. Land opposite croup, with three-quarters right turn. 

M 

1 1 . Land opposite croup, with one-quarter left turn. M 

12. Land opposite croup, with one-half left turn. M 

• I'V/t// JuDuis bctwci'u po)iinu'ls. 

23. l^lain. E 

24. With one-quarter left turn. E 
?5. With one-half left turn. K 

>6. With three-quarters left turn. E 




Nos. 3 and 4, Thief Vault. 

27. With full left turn. M 

28. With one-quarter right turn. E 

29. With one-half right turn. E 

30. With three-quarters right turn. E 
y. With full right turn. M 

32. Land opposite neck. E 



33. Land opposite neck, with one-quarter left turn. E 



f45 



34. Land opposite neck, with one-half left turn. E 

35. Land opposite neck, with three-quarters left turn. M 

36. Land opposite neck, with full left turn. M 

37. Land opposite neck, with one-quarter right turn. M 

38. Land opposite neck, with one-half right turn. M 

39. Land opposite croup. E 

40. Land opposite croup, with one-quarter right turn. E 

41. Land opposite croup, with one-half right turn. E 

42. Land opposite croup, with three-quarters right 

turn. M 

43. Land opposite croup, with one-quarter right turn. 

M 

44. Land opposite croup, with one-half right turn. M 

ll'/f// hands on left pommel and neck. 

45. Plain. E. 

46. With one-quarter left turn. E 

47. With one-half left turn. E 

48. With three-quarters left turn. M 

49. With full left turn. M 

50. With one-quarter right turn. E 

51. With one-half right turn. E 

52. With three quarters right turn. M 

53. With full right turn. M 

54. Land opposite saddle. E 

55. Land opposite saddle, one-quarter right turn. E 

56. Land opposite saddle, one-half right turn. E 

57. Land opposite saddle, three-quarters right turn. M 

58. Land opposite saddle, one-quarter left turn. M 

59. Land opposite saddle, one-half left turn. M 

60. Land opposite croup. M 

61. Land opposite croup, one-quarter right turn. M 

62. Land opposite croup, one-half right turn. M 

63. Land opposite croup, three-quarters right turn. H 

64. Land opposite croup, one-quarter left turn. H 



146 

With Iwth hands on neck. 

65. Plain. E 

66. With one-quarter left turn. E 

67. With one-half left turn. E 

68. With three-quarters left turn. M 

69. With full left turn. M 

70. With one-quarter right turn. E 

71. With one-half right turn. E 

72. With three-quarters right turn. M 

73. With full right turn. M 




Nos. 5 and 6. Wolf Vault. 

74. Land opposite saddle. E 

75. Land opposite saddle, one-quarter right turn. E 

76. Land opposite saddle, one-half right turn. E 

77. Land opposite saddle, three-quarters right turn. M 

78. Land opposite saddle, one-quarter left turn. M 

79. Land opposite saddle, one-half left turn. M 

80. Land opposite croup. INI 

81. Land opposite croup, one-quarter right turn. M 

82. Land opposite croup, one-half right turn. M 



147 

83. Land opposite croup, three-quarters right turn. H 

84. Land opposite croup, one-quarter left turn. H 

IVit/i Iiands cm rigJit pommel and croup. 

85. Plain. E 

86. With one-quarter left turn. E 

87. With one-half left turn. E 

88. With three-quarters left turn. M 

89. With full left turn. M 

90. With one-quarter right turn. I^ 

91. With one-half right turn. E 

92. With three-quarters right turn. M 

93. With full right turn. M 

94. Land opposite saddle. E 

95. Land opposite saddle, one-quarter left turn. E 

96. Land opposite saddle, one-half left turn. E 

97. Land opposite saddle, three-quarters left turn. M 

98. Land oppo.site saddle, one-quarter right turn. M 

99. Land opposite saddle, one-half right turn. M 
100. Land opposite neck. M 

loi. Land opposite neck, one-quarter left turn. M 

102. Land opposite neck, one-half left turn. M 

103. Land opposite neck, three-quarters left turn. H 

104. Land opposite neck, one-quarter right turn. H 



105 
106, 
107 
108 
109 
no 
II I 
112 
"3 



With both hands on croup. 

Plain. E 

With one-quarter left turn. E 

With one-half left turn. E 

With three-quarters left turn. M 

With full left turn. M 

With one-quarter right turn. E 

With one-half right turn. E 

With three-quarters right turn. M 

With full right turn. M 



[48 



114 


Land 


"5 


Land 


ii6 


Land 


117 


Land 


iiS 


Land 


119 


Land 


120 


Land 


121 


Land 


122 


Land 



opposite saddle. E 

opposite saddle, one-quarter left turn. E 

opposite saddle, one-half left turn. E 

opposite saddle, three-quarters left turn. 

opposite saddle, one-quarter right turn. 

opposite saddle, one-half right turn. E 

opposite neck. M 

opposite neck, one-quarter left turn. M 

opposite neck, one-half left turn. M 




Nos. 7 and 



Flank Vault. 



It is impossible to show this exercise exactly in a "time" picture. 
The body should be perfectly straight — head to heels — and as nearly 
as possible parallel to the horse. 



123. Land opposite neck, three-quarters left turn. H 

124. Land opposite neck, one-half right turn. H 

One Hand Squat Vaults. 
IV/t// left hand on lejt pominel. 



125. Plain. E 

126. With one-quarter left turn. 



E 



149 



12/. With one-half left turn, li 

128. With three-quarters left turn. M 

129. With full left turn. H 

130. With one-quarter right turn. M 

131. With one-half right turn. H 

132. Land opposite neck. M 

133. Land opposite neck, with one-quarter left turn. E 

134. Land opposite neck, with one-half left turn. E 

135. Land opposite neck, with three-quarters left turn. 

M 

136. Land opposite neck, with full left turn. H 

137. Land opposite croup. M 

13S. Land opposite croup, with one-quarter left turn. E 

139. Land opposite croup, with one-half left turn. K 

140. Land opposite croup, with three-quarters left turn. 

M 

141. Land opposite croup, with one-quarter right turn 

M 

142. Land opposite croup, with one-half right turn. H 

JF//A right hand on right pommel . 

143. Plain. E 

144. With one-quarter right turn. E 

145. With one-half right turn. E 

146. With three-quarters right turn. M 

147. With full right turn. H 

148. With one-quarter left turn. M 

149. With one-half left turn. H 

150. Land opposite croup. INI 

151. Land opposite croup, with one-quarter right turn. 

E 

152. Land opposite croup, with one-half right turn. E 

153. Land opposite croup, with three-quarters right 

turn. M 

154. Land opposite croup, with full right turn. H 

155. Land opposite neck. M 



I50 



156. Land opposite neck, with one-quarter right turn. E 

157. Land opposite neck, with one-half right turn. E 
I 58. Land opposite neck, with three-quarters right turn. 

M 

1 59. Land opposite neck, with one-quarter left turn. M 

160. Land opposite neck, with one-half left turn, H 

IVith left hand on neck. 

161. Plain. E 

162. With one-quarter left turn. E 




Nos. 9 and JO. Front Vault. 



164 
165 
166 
167, 
1 68 
169 



With one-half left turn. E 

With three-quarters left turn. M 

With full left turn. H 

With one-quarter right turn. M 

With one-half right turn. H 

Land opposite saddle. M 

Land opposite saddle, one-quarter left turn. M 

Land opposite saddle, one-half left turn. M 



51 



17 1- Land opposite saddle, three-quarters left turn. H 
172. Land opposite saddle, one-quarter right turn. M 
Land opposite saddle, one-half right turn. H 



^73 



174 



185 
186 
187 
188 
189 
190, 
191 
192 

193 
194 

195 

196 

197 
198 
199 

200 



Wit/i rii^ht ha/id on neck. 



Plain. E 

175. With one-quarter right turn. E 

176. With one-half right turn. E 

177. With three-quarters right turn. M 

178. With full right turn. H 

179. With one-quarter left turn. M 

180. With one-half left turn. H ' 

181. Land opposite saddle. M 

182. Land opposite saddle, one-quarter right turn. M 

183. Land opposite saddle, one-half right turn. M 

184. Land opposite saddle, three-quarters right turn. H 



IVil/i left hand on saddle. 

Plain. E 

With one-quarter left turn. E 

With one-half left turn. E 

With three-quarters left turn. M 

With full left turn. II 

With one-quarter right turn. M 

W^ith one-half right turn. H 

Land opposite neck. M 

Land opposite neck, with one-quarter left turn. E 

Land opposite neck, with one-half left turn. E 

Land opposite neck, with three-quarters left turn. 

M 
Land opposite neck, with full left turn. H 
Land opposite croup. M 

Land opposite croup, with one-quarter left turn. M 
Land opposite croup, with one-half left turn. M 
Land opposite croup with three-quarters left turn. 

H 



152 



201. Land opposite croup, with one-quarter right turn. 

M 

202. Land opposite croup, with one-half right turn. H 

IVit/i ris^Jtt Jiaiid on saddle. 

203. Plain. E 

204. With one-quarter right turn. E 

205. With one-half right turn. E 

206. With three-quarters right turn. M 




Nos. 11 and 12. Rear Vault. 

207. With full right turn. II 

208. With one-quarter left turn. M 

209. With one-half left turn. H 

210. Land opposite croup. M 

211. Land opposite croup, with one-quarter right turn. 

E 

212. Land opposite croup, with one-half right turn. E 

213. Land opposite croup, with three-quarters right 

turn. M 

214. Land opposite croup, with full right turn. H 



153 



215- Land opposite neck. M 

216. Land opposite neck, with one-quarter right turn. 

M 

217. Land opposite neck, with one-half right turn. M 

218. Land opposite neck, with three-quarters right 

turn. H 

219. Land opposite neck, with one-quarter left turn. 

M 

220. Land opposite neck, with one-half left turn. H 

JV/t/i left Iiand on croup. 

221. Plain. E 

222. With one-quarter left turn. E 



223 
224 
225 
226 

227 
228 




No. 13. Straddle Vault. 

With one-half left turn. E 
With three-quarters left turn. M 
With full left turn. H 
With one-quarter right turn. M 
With one-half right turn. H 
Land opposite saddle. M 



229. 
230. 
231. 



154 

Land opposite saddle, one-quarter left -turn. M 
Land opposite saddle, one-half left turn. M 
Land opposite saddle, three-quarters left turn. H 

IViih right hand OJt croiip. 

232. Plain. E 

233. With one-quarter right turn. E 

234. With one-half right turn. E 

235. With three-quarters right turn. M 

236. With full right turn. H 

237. With one-quarter left turn. M 

238. With one-half left turn. H 

239. Land opposite saddle. M 

240. Land opposite saddle, one-quarter right turn. M 

241. Land opposite saddle, one-half right turn. M 

242. Land opposite saddle, three-quarters right turn. 

II 

243. Land opposite saddle, one-quarter left turn. M 

244. Land opposite saddle, one-half left turn. H 



ELEMENTARY WORK ON THE PARALLEL BARS. 



I. 


Rear vault 


, right. 


2. 


'• 


left. 


3- 




right, one-quarter left turn. 


4- 




left, •' " right " 


5- 




right, one-half left turn. 


6. 




left, " " right " 


7- 




right, " " right " 


8. 




left, " '• left '^ 


9- 




right, lighting at center of bar 


0. 




left, " " " " " 



155 

11. Rear vault, right, lighting with one-quarter turn to 
left. 

12. Rear vault, left, lighting with one-quarter turn to 
right. 

Variations: [a) In mounting use half leg circles over 
one bar with one leg ; {/-) come to any seat before vault- 
ing off ; {c) combine a and b. 



ELEMENTARY WORK ON THE HIGH HORIZONTAL 
BAR. 



Dr. J. H. Mc Curdy 



1. Hang, raise leg separately to half lever, return to 
hang, dismount. 

2. Hang in reverse grasp, raise both knees (flex thighs 
and legs), pull up to chin, return to position in reverse 
order, dismount. 

3. Hang, feet through to back hang, return to posi- 
tion, dismount. 

4. Hang, swing twice, back dismount. 

5. Cross hang, forward travel with bent arm. 

6. Hang, side travel, one-half turn, and return side 
travel facing opposite direction. 

7. Single knee rise to front rest, dismount to stand 
under bar. 

8. Single knee rise, half knee circle backward and 
return to front rest, forward half circle to hang, drop. 

9. Pull up to single bent arm rest, retaining grasp of 
other hand, right and left. 

10. Hang, legs through arms to back hang, release 
with one hand, full turn to ordinary hang. 



1,-6 



ELEMENTARY WORK ON THE LOW HORIZONTAL 
BAR. 



Drs. J. //. McCiirdy and Lttther Gitlick. 



Height of bar, four feet. 

1. Run Under. Variaticms : In leaving the bar the 
arms may be in side horizontal, front horizontal, vertical, 
or back of neck. 

2. Short Underswinc. J^aria/ions : {a) alight with 
arms in any of positions outlined above ; {l>) use one- 
quarter or one-half turns in alighting; [c) for distance or 
height; [d) combine <)' and /'. 

3. Rear Vault. 

4. Short Circle. Variations: {a) from floor; (/') 
from front rest. 

5. Short Undersaving. Variations : [a) roll over or 
dive; (/') one, two, or three jumps or hops ; (f) one-half 
turn and backward rolls or jumps, to one foot, also with 
arm positions. 

6. Low Flank Vatlj-. 

7. Sl\gle Knee Circle, followed by one-half leg 
circle. 

8. Front Vault, to floor; also same for distance. 

9. Squat Vault. Variations: {a) on the bar and 
jump off with arm positions; (/') followed by rolls and 
dives. 

10. Spiral Run, by class. 



BASKET BALL RULES. 



Rule L Grounds. 

Section i. Basket Ball maybe played on any grounds 
free from obstruction, said grounds not to exceed 3.500 
square feet of actual playing space. 

Sec. 2. There must be a well-defined line marked 
around the floor or field. The side boundaries shall be 
at least three feet from the wall or fence. The end bound- 
aries shall be directly below the surface against which the 
goal is placed. This line shall form the boundary of the 
field of play. 

Rule IL Ball. 

Seciiun I. The ball shall be round. It shall be made 
of a rubber bladder covered with a leather case. It shall 
be not less than thirty nor more than thirty-two inches in 
circumference. The limit of variableness shall not be 
more than one-fourth of an inch in three diameters. It 
shall weigh not less than eighteen nor more than twenty 
ounces. 

Sec. 2. The ball shall be provided by the home team ; 
shall be tightly inflated and so laced that the ball cannot 
be held by the lacing, and otherwise in good condition. 

Sec. 3. The ball made by A. G. Spalding & Bros., and 
bearing the signature of the secretary of the A. L. N. A., 
shall be the official ball. 

Sec. 4. The ofticial ball must be used in all League 
games. 

Rule III. Goals. 

Section i. The goals shall be hammock nets of cord, 
suspended from metal rings eighteen inches in diameter 
(inside). The rings shall be placed ten feet above the 



is8 



ground in the center of the short side of the actual play- 
ing field. The inside rim shall extend six inches from the 
surface of a flat perpendicular screen or other rigid sur- 
face measuring at least six feet horizontally and four ver- 
tically. If a screen is used it must not extend more than 
one foot below the upper edge of the goal. 

Sec. 2. The goals shall be rigidly supported from be- 
low. There must be no projections beyond the sides nor 
above the upper edge of the goal. 

Sec. 3. The goal made by A. G. Spalding & Eros, 
shall be the official goal for 1S96-97 ; but this shall not 
be construed to exclude the use of official goals that were 
purchased last year. 

Rule IV. Teams. 

Section i. Teams for League games shall consist of 
five men. 

Sec. 2. In League games all players must have been 
bona fide members of the Association, Branch, or Depart- 
ment which they represent for at least thirty days. 

Sec. 3. In League games no member of one team 
shall play or act as substitute on any other team in that 
league. 

Sec. 4. Physical directors or their salaried assistants 
shall not play in League games. 

Rule V. Officl\ls. 

Section i. The officials shall be a referee, two um- 
pires, a scorer, and a timekeeper. 

Sec. 2. In each League game the local governing com- 
mittee shall pay the actual expenses of the officials. 

Rule VI. Captains. 

Section i. Captains shall be appointed by each side 
previous to the commencement of a match. They must 
be players in the match. 



159 



Sec. 2. The captains vshall be the representatives of 
their respective teams. 

Sec. 3. The captains shall toss for choice of goals 
and be entitled to call the attention of the officials to 
any violation of the rules which they think has been 
made. 

Sec. 4. lief ore the commencement of a match each 
captain shall furnish the scorer with a list of his team, 
with their positions. 

Rule VII. Referee. 

SEcriON I. The referee in all cases must be a thor- 
oughly competent and impartial person, and shall not be 
a member of either of the competing Associations. 

Sec 2. In all but League games the home team shall 
choose the referee, but shall notify visiting teams of such 
selection not later than four days before the date fixed for 
the game. Any team neglecting to send such notification 
within the limit specified shall forfeit to visiting clubs the 
right to appoint the referee. 

Sec. 3. In all League games the referee shall be se- 
lected by the League Committee. 

Sec. 4. Before the game begins the referee shall see 
that the regulations respecting the ball, goal, and grounds 
are adhered to. By mutual agreement of the captains the 
referee may allow alterations in the rules regarding grounds 
and time, but not in goal, ball, or teams. The referee 
shall ascertain before the commencement of the game the 
time for beginning or any other arrangements that have 
been made by the captains. 

Sec. 5. The referee shall be judge of the ball. He 
shall decide when the ball is in play, to whom it belongs, 
and when a goal has been made. 

Sec. 6. The referee shall approve of the timekeeper 
and scorers before the game begins. 



i6o 



Sec. 7. Whenever the ball is put in play by tossing it 
up, the referee shall stand so that he shall throw the ball 
in a plane at right angles to the side lines. 

Sec. 8. The referee shall call time, when necessary, by 
blowing a whistle. 

Sec. 9. The referee shall call a foul when any officer 
is addressed by any player other than the captains. 

Sec. id. He is the superior officer of the game and 
shall decide all questions not definitely falling to the um- 
pires, but shall have no power to alter a decision of the 
umpires when it is in regard to matters under their juris- 
diction. 

Sec. II. Any team refusing to play within three min- 
utes after receiving instructions to do so from the referee 
shall forfeit the game. 

Sec. 12. The referee's term of office shall only extend 
from the time the game begins until it is concluded, and 
his decision awarding the game must then be given. His 
jurisdiction shall then end and he shall have no longer 
any power to act as referee. 

Sec. 13. The referee shall have power to give the 
game to the visiting team, in accordance with rule XI., 
section 35. 

Sec. 14. The referee shall disqualify men according to 
rule XL, sections 20 and 38. 

Sec. 15. The referee shall notify the secretary of the 
l^asket Ball Leagues whenever a player has been dis- 
qualified, giving the player's name, date, place, name of 
team, and nature of the offence. 

Rule VHL Umpires. 

Section i. The umpires in all cases must be thor- 
oughly competent and impartial persons, and shall not 
be members of either of the competing Associations. 

Sec. 2. In all but League games the visiting team 
shall choose the umpires, but shall notify the home team 



f6i 



of such selection not later than four days before the date 
fixed for the game. A team neglecting to send such 
notification within the limit specified shall forfeit to the 
home club its right to appoint the umpires. 

Sec. 3. In all League games the umpires shall be 
selected by the League Committee. 

Sec. 4. The umpires shall be judge of the men, shall 
call all fouls, except as provided in rule VII., section 9. 

Sec. 5. The umpires shall make their decisions inde- 
pendently of each other, and a foul called by one shall 
not be questioned by the other. 

Sec. 6. Whenever a foul is called the umpire calling 
it shall call time by blowing a whistle, and indicate the 
offender. He shall notify the scorer of the player fouling 
and the nature of the foul. 

Rule IX. Scorer. 

Section i. The scorer shall be appointed by the 
captain of the home team. 

Sec. 2. He shall notify the referee when a player 
should be disqualified, according to rule XL, section 20. 

Sec. 3. Official games shall be scored according to 
the details in the official score blanks. 

Rule X. Timekeeper. 

Section i. A timekeeper shall be appointed by the 
captain of the home team. 

Sec. 2. He shall note when the game starts and shall 
blow his whistle at the expiration of twenty minutes' actual 
playing time in each half. 

Sec. 3. Time consumed by stoppages during the game 
shall be deducted only on order of the referee. 

Rule XL The Game. 

Section i. A goal made from the field shall count as 
two points ; a goal made from a foul shall count as one 
point. 



l62 



Sec. 2. The referee shall put the ball in play by tossing 
the ball up in a plane at right angles to the side lines so 
that it will drop near the center of the field, which shall 
be indicated by a conspicuous mark. This is to be done 
at the opening of the game, at the beginning of the second 
half, and after each goal. 

Sec. 3. After the referee puts the ball in play in the 
center, it must be first touched by one of the center men, 
who shall have been previously indicated to the umpire. 
Violation of this rule constitutes a foul. 

Sec. 4. After time has been called the referee shall 
put the ball in play by tossing it up in such a manner that 
it will drop near the spot where it was when time was 
called, unless it was held out of bounds. In this case 
play shall be resumed at the whistle of the referee, as if 
time had not been called (rule VII., section 7). 

Sec. 5. The two opponents nearest this spot when 
time was called shall be the first to touch the ball after 
play is resumed. They shall be indicated by the umpires. 

Sec. 6. When the ball is held by two or more players 
for any length of time the referee shall blow his whistle, 
stop the play, and throw the ball up from where it was 
held (rule VII., section 7 ; also rule XI., section 5). 

Sec. 7. Whenever the ball is put in play the players 
who are to first touch the ball must not stand further 
than two feet from the spot where the ball is to fall. 

Sec. S. a game must be decided by the winning of 
the most points in forty minutes' playing time. 

Sec. 9. In case of a tie the game shall continue (with- 
out exchange of goals) until either side has made two 
additional points. 

Sec. id. If the goal is moved by an opponent 
when the ball is on the edge of it, one point shall 
be scored. 

Sec. II. The game shall consist of two halves of 
twenty minutes each, with a rest of ten minutes between 



r63 



the halves. This is the time of actual play. These 
times may be changed by mutual agreement of the 
captains. 

Sec. 12. The teams shall change goals at the end of 
the first half. 

Sec. 13. When a foul has been made the opposite 
side shall have a free throw for the goal at a distance of 
fifteen feet from a point on the floor directly beneath the 
center of the goal, measuring towards the opposite goal. 
The player having a free throw shall not cross the fifteen- 
foot line until the ball has entered or missed the goal. If 
this rule is violated, a goal, if made, shall not be scored, 
and if missed, the ball shall be dead and put in play in 
the center. 

Sec. 14. No player shall stand nearer than six feet to 
the thrower, nor in a lane six feet wide from the thrower 
to the goal, nor interfere with the ball until after it reaches 
the goal. He shall not be interfered with in any way 
whatever, either by player or spectators. If this rule is 
violated and a goal is not made, he shall have another 
throw. If the goal is not made, the ball shall be con- 
sidered in play. 

Sec. 15. The ball may be thrown or batted in any 
direction with one or both h^-nds. 

Sec. 16. The ball shall not be kicked or struck with 
the fists. Violation of this rule is a foul. 

Sec. 17. A player shall not carry the ball while in 
bounds. He must play it from the spot on which he 
catches it. Allowance is to be made for one who catches 
it while running, providing he throws it at once or stops 
as soon as possible. This shall not be interpreted as inter- 
fering with a man's turning around without making prog- 
ress. Violation of this rule is a foul. 

Sec. 18. The ball shall be held by the hands only. 
The using of any other part of the body to hold or assist 
in holding the ball constitutes a foul. 



1 64 



Sec. 19. There shall be no tackling, or holding or 
pushing of an opponent. The arms shall not be used in 
any way to interfere with the progress of a player who has 
not the ball. Grasping the clothing or person of a player 
with the hands or putting one or both arms about a player 
shall be called holding. Violation of this rule constitutes 
a foul. 

Sec. 20. There shall be no shouldering, tripping, strik- 
ing, kicking, hacking, or intentional or unnecessary rough- 
ness of any kind. Violation of this rule constitutes a foul, 
and the referee may, for the first offence, and shall, for 
the second offence, disqualify the offender for that game 
and for such further period as the committee in charge of 
that league shall determine; except that disqualification 
for striking, hacking, or kicking shall be for one year, 
without appeal. 

Sec. 21. A substitute shall be allowed for a player 
who has been disqualified, and the foul made by him shall 
be counted. 

Sec. 22. Whenever, because of sickness or accident 
to a player, it becomes necessary for the referee to call 
" Time," play must be resumed in five minutes. If the 
injured player is unable to resume play by that time, a 
substitute shall take his place, or the game start at once 
without him. If a substitute takes his place he cannot 
play again during that game. 

Sec. 23. The ball is out of bounds only when it has 
completely crossed the line. 

Sec. 24. When the ball goes out of bounds and rolls 
or bounces in again, play shall continue, even though a 
player may have touched it when out of bounds ; except, 
if the zuhistle of the referee is blown, the ball shall then be 
put in play as thoitgh it had not returned to the field of 
play. 

When the ball goes out of bounds and remains there, 
it shall be returned by the player first touching it. There 



i65 

shall be no interference with his returning it ; that is, no 
portion of the person of an opponent shall be outside of 
the field of play. The ball may not be touched by an oppo- 
nent until it has crossed the line. If either of these rules 
is violated, the ball is to be returned to the player who 
had it and the ball again put in play at the original place. 

He may throw the ball in any direction into the field of 
play from any spot (outside of bounds) on a line drawn 
at right angles to the boundary line at the point where the 
ball crossed it. The ball must be thrown into the field of 
play. When either of these rules is violated the ball shall 
go to the opponents at the same spot. 

He is allowed five seconds to hold the ball, and if he 
holds it longer, it goes to the opponents. In case of 
doubt in the mind of the referee as to which player first 
touched the ball, he shall toss it up into the field of play 
at the spot where the ball went out. 

Sec. 25. When the ball is baited, rolled, or passed ixonx 
the field of play in order to claim exemption from inter- 
ference, it shall be given to the opponents at the point 
where it left the field of play. When it is passed to a 
player out of bounds the ball shall be given to the other 
side. Carrying the ball from the field of play is a foul 
(section 17). 

Sec. 26. A goal scored by a player while any part of 
his person touches the floor out of bounds shall not count. 
In such a case the ball shall be put in play in the center 
of the field. 

Sec. 27. If a player throws for the goal and the whistle 
of the referee, umpire, or timekeeper sounds while the ball 
is in the air, and the throw results in a goal, it shall count. 

Sec. 28. When the umpire's whistle sounds simul- 
taneously with either the referee's or timekeeper's, the 
umpire's shall take precedence. 

Sec. 29. A goal scored before the whistle can be 
blown for a foul made by the team scoring shall not count, 



i66 



but if a player while throwing for the goal is fouled 
by anopponent and succeeds in scoring both shall be 
counted. 

Sec. 30. If only one team puts in an appearance on 
the appointed day the team complying with the terms 
agreed upon shall be declared the winner of the game by 
default. 

Sec. 31. When it happens, however, that neither team 
is ready to begin playing at the hour appointed for the 
game, the team which completes its numbers first cannot 
claim a default from its opponent. The latter shall be 
entitled to fifteen minutes additional time, and if then 
unable to present a full team, shall, if required by its op- 
ponent, be obliged to play short-handed or forfeit the 
game. 

Sec. 32. A team defaulting or forfeiting a game shall 
be declared the loser by a score of two to nothing. 

Sec. 33. There shall be no protests against the de- 
cisions of the ofiicers, except in regard to interpretation of 
rules. 

Sec. 34. Any remarks on the part of a player during 
the progress of the game derogatory in any way to the 
officials shall be called a foul. 

Sec. 35. The home team shall he held responsible for 
the behavior of the spectators. Failure to keep them 
from interfering with the progress of the game or from 
discourteous conduct, shall, after a warning, make the 
home team liable to forfeit the game. 

Sec. 36. In case of any doubt on any point, /// iAe 
mind of the refe^'ee or umpire, arising from the presence of 
the spectators, the visiting team shall have the benefit of 
the doubt. 

Sec. 3;. Any persistent intentional delay of the game 
shall be counted as a foul against team so delaying. 

Sec. 38. The referee shall promptly disqualify any 
player using profane or abusive language. 



1 6; 



Rule XII. Fouls. 

Section i. All fouls shall be called by the umpire, 
except as provided in rule VII., section 9. 

Sec. 2. Fouls are classified according to their penal- 
ties, as follows : 

General: i. Players addressing officers (rule VII., 
section 9). 2. Touching ball in center (rule XI., sec- 
tion 3). 3. Kicking or striking ball (rule XL, section t6). 
4. Carrying ball (rule XI., sections 17-25). 5. Holding 
ball (rule XL, section 18). 6. Tackling, holding, pushing 
opponents (rule XL, section 19). 7. Delaying game (rule 
XL, section 37). 

Fouls'- for w/iich players may be disqualified — Rough- 
nesses: T. Striking. 2. Kicking. 3. Shouldering. 4. Un- 
necessary rough play. 5. Tripping. 6. Hacking. 

Officials are expected to be as strict as possible, both 
with players and spectators. In all cases not covered in 
these rules officials are to use their own judgment in 
accord with the general spirit of the rules. 

All the questions pertaining to the interpretation of the 
rules may be referred to the Basket Ball Committee of 
the Athletic League. 



MINTON. 

One of the oldest games of England — Badminton — 
has been totally changed by Englishmen in India, through 
the introduction of a worsted ball in place of the shuttle- 
cock, which was formerly used. This modified game was 
brought to this country in 1895 ^Y ^^- David McCon- 
aughy, Jr. Since then rules have been written and innings 
and other minor changes introduced. It possesses mani- 
fest advantages and opportunities in certain directions 
over other games, and notably over the one which it is 
most like, namely, lawn tennis. 

Some of the advantages are as follows : 

/7>j-/. The court does not need to be as carefully pre- 
pared. Any field that is smooth enough to run around 
on without danger of turning the ankles is perfectly 
adapted to the purpose; a slight grade one way or the 
other does not materially alter the game. 

Second. The cost of preparing the ground and keeping 
it in shape is almost nothing. The net being made of 
wire does not deteriorate, and does not need adjusting 
from time to time. The bats are far cheaper than tennis 
rackets of equal grade, and the balls are virtually inde- 
structible. 

Third. Eight players in place of four are engaged at 
once. Thus the element of sociability is far more promi- 
nent than in lawn tennis, and more individuals exercise 
on the same space of ground, the size of the court being 
approximately the same as that for lawn tennis. 

Foiirtji. Lawn tennis is adapted both for men and for 
women, and yet there are very few women who can play 



169 

as well as passable players among the men, partly because 
it requires strength to handle the ball at the speed at 
which modern tennis is played. The Minton bat, how- 
ever, is so light — six to ten ounces — and the ball is so 
light — one-half ounce — that the element of strength is 
almost entirely eliminated, so that the game is as available 
for women as for men, and teams made up partly of men 
and partly of women are not as lop-sided as such teams 
are in almost all other games. There is no position, 
whether forward or back, that cannot be well played by 
women. 

Fifth. The game is more interesting to the average 
spectator than lawn tennis. The ball is in the air where 
it can be seen all the time. The playing is fast, the 
rallies long, the ball sometimes being sent over the net 
twenty times before being driven to the ground. 

Sixth. The game is easy to learn, and commences to 
be thoroughly enjoyable after half an hour or so of 
practice. 

It has been decided to call the game Minton instead of 
Badminton, because the use of a ball in place of a shuttle- 
cock and introducing innings change the character of the 
game so much, and because Minton indicates both the 
similarity to and dissimilarity from the parent game, Bad- 
minton. 

There is a great deal in team play. In receiving all the 
team should go into that court, then get quickly into their 
places as soon as the serve is made and returned. If this 
is strictly adhered to the ground will be well covered and 
the opponents will be puzzled as to where to place the 
ball. If a man hits the ball, but fails to send it over, other 
members of his team may hit it, provided no one man hits 
it twice, and excepting the service stroke. These are the 
general outlines of the game. The following rules will 
call attention to details. 



Rules. 

I. 

The court may be outdoors or in, and in any place 
which affords the necessary space, ground level and clear 
enough to avoid injury to the players. As the ball must 
always be volleyed, an absolutely smooth surface is in no 
wise essential. The court must be eighty feet long, forty 
feet wide, and have a net at least two feet wide extending 
from the middle of one side line to the middle of the other, 
and with upper edge not less than six feet nor more than 
six and one-half feet from the ground. A line must be 
drawn parallel to the side lines, and from the middle of 
one base line to the middle of the other. This forms the 
diagonal courts. The service lines must then be drawn 
perpendicular to both side lines, extending the whole 
distance between them. They shall be twenty feet from 

the net. 

11. 

Any implement may be used, except the hands. A 
special bat has been put on the market by the Overman 
Wheel Co., which is suitable to the ball. 

III. 

The ball shall be made of worsted, with each strand 
radiating from the center and presenting the end to con- 
act with racket or ground. It shall weigh three drachms, 
and shall be six and one-half inches in circumference. 

IV. 

The choice of sides and right to serve in the first game 
may be decided by toss, as in lawn tennis. 



The opposing teams, composed of four players each, 
shall stand on opposite sides of the net. The team first 



171 



delivering the ball shall be called servers, the other 

receivers. 

VI. 

P'our innings shall constitute a game, and three games 
shall constitute a match. The team winning two best 
games out of three wins the match. 

VII. 

The loss of a stroke by the servers puts their man out, 
and their next takes his place, etc., until each member of 
the team has in his turn been put out. This puts the side 
out, and the servers become receivers, and vice vei^sa. 
This constitutes an inning. At the beginning of the next 
game the losing team has first service. 

VIII. 

The server shall make his first delivery from behind the 
service line, to the right of the middle line, and shall 
deliver the ball to any point between the base line and net, 
or side line and middle line of the diagonally opposite 
court. If he wins his point he must make his next service 
from the same relative position in his left court to the 
same relative position in his opponents' court. Each 
player in his turn of service must keep the same order of 
delivery, that is, serving first from right court, then from 
left. The delivery must be made with tinderJiand stroke, 
that is, the racket before touching the ball must be kept 
below the level of the shoulder. Only one try for a 
proper delivery may be made. 

IX. 

It is a fault if the server fails to strike the ball, or if 
the ball served touches the net, drops out of court, or 
in the wrong court, or if the server does not stand as di- 
rected in rule VII., or if he touches the net with body or 
racket. 



172 



X. 



A fault puts the individual server out, and, if he be the 
last of his team to serve, puts his side out. If the re- 
ceivers attempt to return such a ball the delivery may be 
counted legal. 

XI. 

A service made before the receivers are ready does not 
count, and must be taken again unless an attempt is made 
to return it. In such case it is legal. 

XII. 

The service as well as all returns must be volleyed; 
that is, taken before the ball touches the ground. 

XIII. 

A ball is in play on leaving the server's racket, except 
as provided for in rule VIII. 

XIV. 

A return is good when made over and clear of the net, 
and falling within outside lines of the opponents' court. 

XV. 

A ball falling on a line is regarded as falling in the 
court bounded by that line. 

XVI. 

No one player may touch the ball twice, but any or all 
of the others of his team may strike it in turn and it 
shall be counted good if it so falls. But no player may 
pass the net or the line of its extension while the ball is 
in play. 

XVII. 

The server wins a point if the receivers fail to return 
the service or the ball in play, or if they return the service 



173 



or the ball in play so that it drops outside of their oppo- 
nents' court, or if they otherwise lose a stroke. 

XVIII. 

The receivers score a putout against the server of the 
opposing team if he serves a fault, or if his team fails to 
return the ball in play, or if they return the ball in play 
so that it drops outside of the opponents' court, or if they 
otherwise lose a stroke. 

XIX. 

Any player loses a stroke for his side if he touches the 
ball with his racket more than once, or if he touches the 
net or any of its supports, or if he attempts to return an 
illegal service or ball in play, or if he fails to volley the 
ball in returning it. 

XX. 

In case the server is interfered with or the ball ob- 
structed by accidental causes, the ball shall be served 
again ; except when the cause of the accident is a per- 
manent fixture of the court, in which case the service 
shall be considered as lost. 

XXI. 

On winning their first service the servers count one 
point, and so on for each successive winning while the 
service remains with their team. The loss of a service 
by the servers puts their man out, but does not affect the 
score of either side. 

XXII. 

When the receivers again become servers they continue 
to score from the number reached in their last preceding 
service. 



VOLLEY BALL. 



During the winter of 1895-96, Mr. W. G. Morgan, 
of Holyoke, Mass., developed a game in his gymnasium 
which is called Volley Ball. It was presented at the suc- 
ceeding Physical Directors' Conference, and the general 
impression seemed to be that it would fill a place not 
filled by any other game. It is to be played indoors, and 
by those who wish a game not so rough as basket ball and 
yet one in which the same degree of activity is demanded. 
The complete report as given to the conference by Mr. 
Morgan is as follows : 

Volley Ball is a new game which is pre-eminently fitted 
for the gymnasium or the exercise hall, but which may 
also be played out-of-doors. Any number of persons may 
play the game. The play consists of keeping a ball in 
motion over a high net, from one side to the other, thus 
partaking of the character of two games — tennis and 
hand ball. 

Play is started by a player on one side serving the ball 
over the net into the opponents' field or court. The op- 
ponents then, without allowing the ball to strike the floor, 
return it, and it is in this way kept going back and forth 
until one side fails to return it or it hits the floor. This 
counts a "score" for one side, or a " server out" for the 
other, depending upon the side in point. The game con- 
sists of nine innings, each side serving a certain number 
of times, as per rules, in each inning. 

RULES OF VOLLEY BALL. 
I. Game. 
The game consists of nine innings. 



^75 



II. Inning. 

An inning consists of: when one person is playing on 
each side, one service on each side ; when two are playing 
on each side, two services on each side ; when three or 
more are playing on each side, three services on each side. 
The man serving continues to do so until out by failure 
of his side to return the ball. Each man shall serve in 

turn. 

III. Court. 

The court or floor space shall be twenty-five feet wide, 
and fifty feet long, to be divided into two square courts, 
twenty-five by twenty-five feet, by the net. Four feet from 
the net on either side and parallel with it shall be a line 
across the court, the Dribbling line. The boundary lines 
must be plainly marked so as to be visible from all parts 
of the courts. 

A^ote. — The exact size of the court may be changed to 
suit the convenience of the place. 

IV. Net. 

The net shall be at least two feet wide and twenty-seven 
feet long, and shall be suspended from uprights placed at 
least one foot outside the side lines. The top line of the 
net must be six feet six inches from the floor. 

V. Ball. 

The ball shall be a rubber bladder covered with leather 
or canvas. It shall measure not less than twenty-five in- 
ches, nor more than twenty-seven inches in circumference, 
and shall weigh not less than nine ounces nor more than 
twelve ounces. 

VI. Server and Service. 

The server shall stand with one foot on the back line. 
The ball must be batted with the hand. Two services or 
trials are allowed him to place the ball in the opponents' 



176 

court (as in tennis). The server may serve into the op- 
ponents' court at any place. In a service the ball must 
be batted at least ten feet, no dribbling allowed. A serv- 
ice which would strike the net, but is struck by another 
of the same side before striking the net, if it goes over 
into the opponents' court, is good, but if it should go out- 
side, the server has no second trial. 

VII. Scoring. 

Each good service unreturned or ball in play unreturned 
by the side receiving counts one score for the side serving. 
A side only scores when serving, as a failure to return the 
ball on their part results in the server being put out. 

VIII. Net Hall. 

A play which hits the net, aside from the first service, 
is called a net ball, and is equivalent to a failure to return, 
counting for the opposite side. The ball hitting the net 
on first service shall be called dead, and counts as a trial. 

IX. Line Ball. 

It is a ball striking the boundary line. It is equivalent 
to one out of court, and counts as such. 

X. Play and Players. 

Any number may play that is convenient to the place. 
A player should be able to cover about ten by ten feet. 

Should any player during play touch the net, it puts the 
ball out of play and counts against his side. Should any 
player catch or hold for an instant the ball, it is out of 
play and counts for the opposite side. Should the ball 
strike any object other than the floor and bound back into 
the court, it is still in play. 

To dribble the ball is to carry it all the time, keeping 
it bouncing. When dribbling the ball no player shall 



177 

cross the dribbling line, this putting the ball out of play 
and counting against him. 

Any player, except the captain, addressing the umpire 
or casting any slurring remarks at him or any of the 
players on the opposite side, may be disqualified, and his 
side be compelled to play the game without him or a 
substitute, or forfeit the same. 

Helps in Playing the Game. 

Strike the ball with both hands. 

Look for uncovered space in opponents' field. 

Play together; cover your own space. 

Pass from one to another when possible. 

Watch the play constantly, especially the opponents'. 



178 



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INDEX. 



Page. 

A. A. U., ... V 

A. A. U. Alliance, ....... 32 

A. A. U. Delegates, ....... 34 

About, FACE, 81 

Ail-Round Champions, ....... 30 

Ail-Round Indoor Test, ...... 70 

Admission to Membership, . .... 21 

Alliance with A. A. U., ...... 32 

Amateur: Definition, . • .... 23 

Amateur Sport, ........ 18 

Amendments to By-Laws, . . . . .■ .31 

Amendments to Constitution, .... 17 

Annual Dues, . . .21 

Apparatus Work, ....... 139 

Apparatus Work in Indoor Test, ... -73 

Assemble, MARCH, 82 

Athletic Records, . . . . . . . . 26, 28 

Athletic Rules, ........ 35 

Athletic Team Championships, . ..... 30 

Attention, ........ 81 

Backward, MARCH, ... .98 

Ball for Basket Ball, . . ■ ■■ 157 

Basket Ball Rules, . . .... 157 

Blank for Entries, ....... 178 

Bouncing Board Exercises, . . . . . . 139 

Break Ranks, MARCH, .... 8i 

Broad Jump, Running, ....... 43 

Broad Jump, Standing, ..... 45 

Broad Jumps, Two Standing, ...... 45 

By the Left (or Right) Flank, MARCH, .... 92 

Calisthenics in Indoor Test, ...... 73 

Captains for Basket Ball, ... . . 158 

Central Section, ....... 19 

Central Section Committee, ...... 10 

Chairmen of Committees, . . ... 21 

Champions, All-Round, ..... 30 

Championship Emblems, . .... 25 

Change Step, MARCH, 98 



Page. 
Clean Sport, ....... i8 

Clerk of the Course, . . . . . . .38 

Clerk of the Course in Indoor Test, ... 72 

Clerk of the Course in Pentathlon, ..... 50 

Climbing Rope, ....... 49 

Close Order, MARCH, . 90, 91 

Column Half Left (or Right), MARCH, .... loi 

Column Left About, MARCH, ...... 94 

Column Left (or Right), MARCH, . . . .84, 86, 89 

Column Left (or Right) About, MARCH, . • 85, 87 

Column Right (or Left), MARCH, .... 95 

Committee, Central Section, ...... 10 

Committee, Eastern Section, ..... 10 

Committee, Governing, ...... 9 

Committee, Northeastern Section, ..... g 

Committee, Northern Section, .... . g 

Committee on Games, ....... 35 

Committee, Southwestern Section, . . . . .11 

Committees, Composition of, . . . . . 21 

Committees, Discharge of, . . . . . .21 

Committees, Duration of, . . ... 21 

Committees, Finances of, . . . . . .21 

Committees of League, . .... 20 

Committees' Reports, ....... 20 

Company, HALT, . . . . . 85, 94 

Competition, Conditions of, . . . .22 

Competition, Order of, . ... 42 

Competitors, ........ 39 

Composition of Committees, . . . 21 

Conditions of Competition, . ... 22 

Constitution, ....... 16 

Count Off Double Ones and Twos, . . . . 90 

Count Off Triple Ones and Twos, ..... 91 

Counting Off, 82 

Course in Races, .... . . 40 

Daily Marching Programs, ...... 80 

Diplomas in Indoor Test, ...... 74 

Discourteous Conduct, ....... 22 

District Committees, ....... 20 

Districts of League, ....... 20 

Dive, Running Long, ...... 46 

Double Kick, ....... 49 

Double Kick, Scoring for, . . . . 66, 67 

Double Ones and Twos, . ...... 90 

Double Time, ...... gg 



i8i 

Page. 

Dumb-Bell Drill, 115 

Duties of Officers in Pentathlon, ..... 50 

Eastern Section, ....... 19 

Eastern Section Committee, ...... 10 

880- Yard Run, Scoring for, . . . . 60, 61 

18-Foot Rope Climb, Scoring for, . . . • . 66, 67 

Elementary Grade, ....... 76 

Elementary Grade Exercises, ...... 77 

Elementary Horse Work, ...... 141 

Elementary Work on the High Horizontal Bar, 155 

Elementary Work on the Low Horizontal Bar, . . . 156 
Elementary Work on the Parallel Bars, .154 

Entry Blank, 178 

Exercises for Bouncing Board, ..... 139 

Exercises for Elementary Grade in the Indoor Test, . . 76 

Expulsions, ......... 22 

Fall in Column, 

Fall in Line, 

Fancy Marching, 

Fees, ..... 

Field Drill in Marching, 



99 

37 

58,59 

4i 

52 



Field Judges, 

50- Yard Run, Scoring for, 

Finish in Races, 

Finishing in Pentathlon, 

5-Mile Run, Scoring for, . . . . 60, 61 

Form Fours, Left (or Right) Oblique, MARCH, 87, 96 

Form Twos, Right (or Left) Oblique, MARCH, ... 85 

Forming Threes, ....... 91 

440- Yard Run, Scoring for, . . . . 60, 61 

Forward, Close Order, MARCH, 94 

Forward, Column Left (or Right), MARCH, ... 90 

Forward, Double Time, MARCH, .99 

Forward, Guide Right (or left), MARCH, .... 97 

Forward, MARCH, 84 

Fouls for which Players may be Disqualified in Basket Ball, 167 

Fouls in Basket Ball, . ..... 167 

Fours by the Left (or Right) Flank, Take Intervals, MARCH, 93 
Fours Left (or Right) About, MARCH, .... 67 

Fours Right, Column Right (or left), MARCH, . -103 

Fours Right, MARCH, Guide-right (or left), ... 97 

Fours Right (or Left), MARCH, . . .89, 97 

Front, ......... 82 

Front Take Distance, MARCH, 82, 95 

Games Committee, ....... 35 



l82 



Page. 
157 



Goals for Basket Ball, ...... 

Governing Committee, ...... 9 

Government of League, ....... 17 

Grades in Indoor Test, ...... 70 

Gymnastic Records, . ..... 28 

Hammer in Pantathlon, ..... 54 

Hammer, Throwing, with Turn, ..... 47 

Hammer, Throwing, without Turn, ... 48 

High Dive, Running, ....... 45 

High Horizontal Bar Work, ...... 155 

High Jump in Indoor Test, Scoring for, .... 75 

High Jump in Pentathlon, ...... 54 

High Jump, Running, ....... 43 

High Jump, Scoring for, . . • 56? 57 

High Jump, Standing, ..... 43 

High Jumping in Indoor Test, ..... 74 

High Kick, ........ 49 

Historical Sketch, ....... v 

Hitch and Kick, ........ 49 

Hitch and Kick, Scoring for, .... 66, 67 

Home Dumb-bell Drill, 115 

Hop, Step, and Jump, Running, ..... 45 

Hop, Step, and Jump, Standing, ..... 45 

Horizontal Bar Work, .... 155, 156 

Horse Work, .141 

100- Yard Run, Scoring for, . ■ S^'j 57 

Hurdles, ......... 41 

Incline to the Left (or Right), MARCH, .... loi 

Individual Championships, ...... 29 

Individual Prize, ....... 25 

Indoor Test, . ... . . .70 

Inspectors, ........ 36 

Judge of Hammer Throwing in Pentathlon, ... 51 

Judge of Pole Vaulting in Pentathlon, .... 51 

Judge of Run in Pentathlon, ...... 51 

Judge of Running High Jump in Pentathlon, ... 51 

Judges at Finish, ........ 37 

Judges in Pentathlon, ..... 51 

Judges of Apparatus Work in Indoor Test, .... 71 

Jumping, ........ 43 

Jumps, ......... 26, 27 

Kicking, ........ 49 

Left About, FACE, 81 

Left (or Right) by File, MARCH, 85 

Left (or RigKt), FACE, .... .81 



i83 



Left (or Right) Step, MARCH, 

Long Dive, Running, 

Low Horizontal Bar Work, 

Marching for Gymnasium U 

Marching in Indoor Test, 

Marching Programs, 

Mark time, MARCH, 

Marshal, 

Marshal in Indoor Test, 

Measurers in Indoor Test, 

Membership, Admission to, 

Membership Fee, . 

Members of Committees, 

Membership in League, . 

Mile Run, Scoring for, 

Minton, 

Minutes of Committees, 

Money Prize, 

Northeastern Section, 

Northeastern Section Committee 

Northern Section, 

Northern Section Committee, . 

Notes to Home Dumb-Bell Drill 

Objects of League, 

Oblique Marching, 

Officers in Indoor Test, 

Officers in Pentathlon, 

Official Announcer, 

Officials in Basket Ball, 

Officials in Games, 

On Tiptoe,, MARCH, 

ICO- Yard Run, Scoring for 

1 50- Yard Run, Scoring for 

120-Yard Hurdle, Scoring for 

i-Mile Run, Scoring for, 

Open Order, MARCH, . 

Pacific Section, . 

Parallel Bar Work, 

Pentathlon Rules, 

Points in Basket Ball, 

Pole Vault, 

Pole Vault Distance, Scoring for, 

Pole Vault in Indoor Test, Scoring for 

Pole Vault, Scoring for, . 

Pole Vaulting in Indoor Test, 



16 

56, 57 

168 

20 

25 

19 

9 

19 

9 

"5 

16 

87 

70 

50 

39 

158 

35 

98 

56, 57 

58,59 

62,63 

56, 57 

90,91 

19 

154 

50 

161 

44 

64,65 

75 

56, 57 

74 



1 84 

Page. 

Pole Vaulting in Pentathlon, ...... 54 

Potato Race in Indoor Test, ..... 73 

Potato Race in Indoor Test, Scoring for, ... 75 

Prizes, ......... 25 

Protests, ...... 30 

Putting the Shot, ....... 46 

Qualification, ........ 28 

Quick Time, ........ 99 

Rank in Pentathlon, ...... 55 

Records, ........ 28 

Records, Athletic, . . . . . . . . 26, 28 

Records, Gymnastic, ....... 28 

Records in Indoor Test, ....... 72 

Records in Pentathlon, ...... 53 

Referee, Duties of Athletic, . .36 

Referee in Basket Ball, . . ... 159 

Referee in Indoor Test, ....... 71 

Referee in Pentathlon, ...... 50 

Reports of Committees, ....... 20 

Right Forward, Fours Right, MARCH, .... 95 

Right Hand, SALUTE, 82 

Right (or Left) by File, MARCH, 89 

Right (or Left) by Twos, MARCH, . . . . 87 

Right (or Left) Side Skip, MARCH, .... 99 

Rope Climbing, . ...... 49 

Rules, Athletic, ....... 35 

Running Broad Jump, ... 43 

Running Broad Jump, Scoring for, . 62,63 

Running High Dive, ....... 45 

Running High Dive from Springboard, .... 46 

Running High Dive, Scoring for, ..... 66, 67 

Running High Jump, ....... 43 

Running High Jump from Springboard, .... 46 

Running High Jump, Scoring for, . . . . • 56, 57 

Running High Kick, Scoring for, ..... 66, 67 

Running Hop, Step, and Jump, .... 45 

Running Hop, Step, and Jump, Scoring for, . . . 64, 65 

Running Long Dive, ....... 46 

Runs, . . . . . . 26, 28 

Rules for Indoor Test, ..... 70 

Rules for Minton, ........ .170 

Rules for Pentathlon, ...... 50 

Rules for Volley Ball, 17S 

Sanctions, ...... 25 

Scorer, ...... • • 39 



i85 



Scorer in Basket Ball, ..... 

Scorer in Indoor Test, ...... 

Scorer in Pentathlon, . . ." . 

Scoring for Double Kick, ..... 

Scoring for 880-Yard Run, ..... 

Scoring for 18-Foot Rope Climb, .... 

Scoring for 50-Yard Run, ..... 

Scoring for 5-Mile Run, ...... 

Scoring for 440- Yard Run, ..... 

Scoring for High Jump in Indoor Test, 

Scoring for Hitch and Kick, .... 

Scoring for 100- Yard Run, . . . • 

Scoring for 150- Yard Run, ..... 

Scoring for 120- Yard Hurdle, .... 

Scoring for i-Mile Run, . . 

Scoring for Pentathlon, ...... 

Scoring for Pole Vault, ..... 

Scoring for Pole Vault Distance, .... 

Scoring for Pole Vault in Indoor Test, 

Scoring for Potato Race in Indoor Test, 

Scoring for Running Broad Jump, 

Scoring for Running High Dive, .... 

Scoring for Running High Jump, .... 

Scoring for Running High Kick, . . . , . 

Scoring for Running Hop, Step, and Jump, 

Scoring for 75-Yard Run, . . . . . 

Scoring for 16-Pound Hammer with Turn, 

Scoring for 16-Pound Shot, ..... 

Scoring for Standing Broad Jump, 

Scoring for Standing High Jump, 

Scoring for Standing Hop, Step, and Jump, 

Scoring for 3 00- Yard Run, 

Scoring for Three Standing Broad Jumps, 

Scoring for Three Standing Broad Jumps in Indoor Test, 

Scoring for 12-Pound Hammer, .... 

Scoring for 12-Pound Hammer with Turn, . 
Scoring for 12-Pound Shot, ..... 

Scoring for 200- Yard Run, ..... 

Scoring for 220- Yard Hurdle, .... 

Scoring for 220-Yard Run, .... 

Scoring for 2-Mile Run, ..... 

Scoring for Two Standing Broad Jumps, 

Secretaries of Committees, ..... 

Section Committees, ...... 

Sections of League, ...... 



1 86 

Page. 
75-Yard Run, Scoring for, ...... 58-59 

Short Step, MARCH, 98 

Shot Putting, ........ 46 

16-Pound Hammer with Turn, Scoring for, . .68, 69 

16-Pound Shot, Scoring for, . 68, 69 

Southern Section, ... 19 

Southwestern Section, ....... 19 

Southwestern Section Committee, . . . . n 

Specialization, Method of, ..... . v 

Specialization, Object of, ..... . v 

Spirit of the League, . . . .18 

Standing Broad Jump, ...... 45 

Standing Broad Jump, Scoring for, . . 62, 63 

Standing High Jump, ....... 43 

Standing High Jump, Scoring for, . . .62,63 

Standing Hop, Step, and Jump, ..... 45 

Standing Hop, Step, and Jump, Scoring for, -64, 65 

Starter, ......... 38 

Starter in Indoor Test, ...... 71 

Starter in Pentathlon, .... . 51 

Starting in Pentathlon, ...... 52 

Starting, Rules for, ....... 38 

State Committees, ........ 20 

State Divisions of League, ..... 20 

Sunday Competitions, ....... 22 

Suspensions, .... ... 22 

Swimming, ...... . . 27, 48 

Team Championship Emblems, ..... 25 

Team Championships, .... 30 

Teams for Basket Ball, 158 

300-Yard Run, Scoring for, ..... 60, 61 

Three Standing Broad Jumps, ..... 45 

Three Standing Broad Jumps in Indoor Test, • • • 73 

Three Standing Broad Jumps, Scoring for, 64, 65 

Three Standing Broad Jumps in Indoor Test, Scoring for, 75 

Throwing Hammer in Pentathlon, .... 54 

Throwing Hammer without Turn, ..... 4iS 

Throwing Hammer with Turn, ..... 47 

Ties, .......... 42 

Timekeeper for Basket Ball, ..... 161 

Timekeepers, ........ 37 

Timers in Indoor Test, ...... 71 

Timers in Pentathlon, ....... 53 

Timing, ........ 37 

To the Left (or Right) Assemble, MARCH, ... 96 



i87 

To the Rear, MARCH, .... 

To the Right (or Left) Take Intervals, MARCH, 

Track Measurement, . 

Triple Ones and Twos, 

i2-Pound Hammer, Scoring for, 

i2-Pound Hammer with Turn, Scoring for, 

i2-Shot, Scoring for, 

220- Yard Hurdle, Scoring for, . 

200-Yard Run, Scoring for, . 

220- Yard Run, Scoring for, 

2-Mile Run, Scoring for. 

Two Standing Broad Jumps, 

Two Standing Broad Jumps, Scoring for, 

Twos Right (or Left), MARCH, 

Umpires for Basket Ball, 

Ungentlemanly Conduct, 

Vaulting, ...... 

Volley Ball, 

Weights, . ..... 

Western Section, .... 

Withdrawal from the League, 
Work for Apparatus, 



Page. 

98 

96 

40 

91 

56, 57 

68, 69 

68,69 

62, 63 

58,59 

58,59 

60, 61 

45 
64, 65 
86 
160 
22 
49' 
174 
27 
19 



ASSOCIATION MEDALS, 

For assignment to contestants in any Association 
spof ts« Made in bfonze^ silver^ and gold. These 
medals consist of a pendant and one or more bars, 
with lettering for the respective events or spofts« 




mmimmpm^ 



M^^ ^/h^^A 



BAR WITH PIN. 
Bronze, .... $0.40 

Silver, 65 

Gold, 3.25 

BAR WITHOUT PIN. 
Bronze, .... $0.35 

Silver, 60 

Gold, 2.75 

UNIFORM PENDANT. 
Bronze, .... $0.75 

Silver, 1.25 

Gold, 7.00 

The price of medals made by- 
combination of the pendant 
and one or more bars will 
be the sum of the prices of 
the individual parts. 



The International Committee 
of Young Men^s Christian Associations^ 

40 EAST 23d ST., NEW YORK CITY. 




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13 



USED MORE THAN ANY OTHER CHART IN AMERICA. 

Among the many Associations using the 
chart are those in the following cities : 
Hartford, Conn.; Boston, Mass.; 
Montreal, Canada ; New York 
City; Philadelphia, Pa.; Balti- 
more, Md. ; Cincinnati, Ohio 
Cleveland, Ohio ; Atlanta, Ga. 
Dallas, Texas ; St. Louis, Mo. 
San Francisco, Cal. 

e^ 

If you are unacquainted with the chart, send for free sample. Also notice 
complete directions on back. 

Price, 2 cents each; 20 cents per dozen; $1.00 per hundred. 

The International Committee of Young Men's 
Christian Associations, 

40 EAST TWENTY=THIRD STREET, NEW YORK CITY. 



This is the Gymnasium of the 

ASSOCIATION TRAINING 
SCHOOL 

AT SPRINGFIELD, MASS. 



"^ 




THE PHYSICAL DEPARTMENT 

OF THIS SCHOOL STANDS FOR 

THE BEST POSSIBLE TRAINING 

OF CHRISTIAN YOUNG MEN FOR THE POSITION OF 

PHYSICAL DIRECTOR OF YOUNG MEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION 

OR COLLEGE. 

Graduates of this Department are now in charge of the Association Gym- 
nasium work at Twenty-third Street Branch, New York City; Eighty-sixth 
Street Branch, New York City; Montreal; Buffalo, N.Y. ; Albany, NY.; 
Hartford, Conn.; Springfield, Mass.; Dallas, Texas; Milwaukee, Wis.; 
Cleveland, Ohio; San Francisco, Cal. ; San Antonio, Texas; Galveston, 
Texas; Bridgeport, Conn.; Reading, Pa. ; and many other places. 

CATALOGUE SENT FREE UPON APPLICATION. 

Three years' course in theory and practice. 
For Catalogue or 

'""'adS;'"'"!- . L. L. DOGGETT, Ph.D., 



SPRINGFIELD, MASS. 





(RAWFORD 

BicVcleS . . 







Are 
Unsurpassed. 

MAKERS: 

The Crawford Manufacturing: 
Company, 

FACTORY AND MAIN OFFICES, 
HAGERSTOWN, MD. 

Branch Houses : 
NEW YORK. . . ST. LOUIS. 



THE SPALDING 

WALL APPARATUS- 



Light Construction 




No. 6 



No. 5. Japan Finish, 16 lbs. of weights, . . , . $ { 5.00 

No. 5 A. Nickel-plated Trimmings, 16 lbs. of weights, . 20.00 

This machine has the Centre Arm Adjustment, which permits of 
all the lower as well as the direct and upper chest movements. 
No. 6. Japan F'inish, 16 lbs. of weights, .... $ ( Q.OO 

Consists of a double set of Guide Rods, Compound Ropes, Swivel 
Pulleys, etc. SINGLE MACHINE. 

No. 7. Japan Finish, complete, 1.5 lbs. of weights, . $7-50 

Furnished with Cross Bar and Double Handles for two-hantled 
exercise. ....Catalogue Free on Applic.\tion.... 

A. G. SPALDING & BROS., 

NEW YORK CHICAGO PHILADELPHIA 

Gymnasium Factory: Chicopee Falls, Mass. 




tbe Spaiaing 

Double Intercostal 

macbtne 

Light Construction. 

THIS machine has a double set of pulleys 
and guide rods, with double ceiling 
brackets for intercostal work. Triple 
handles are substituted for the ordinary 
handles, which makes it possible to use them 
as a single giant machine if so desired. All 
the necessary screws, etc., for setting up, fur- 
ished with each machine. Crated ready for 
shipment. 

No. 90 B. Light construction, japan finish, 
16 lbs. of weights, . $24.00 

SINGLE MACHINE. 

No. 90 C. Light construction, single pulley, 
japan finish, 16 lbs. of weights, $1 5.00 

Send for Catalogue. 

A. Q. SPALDING & BROS. 

New York; 

Chicago 

Philadelphia 



Gymnasium Factory : Chicopce 
Falls, Mass. 




THE SPALDING 
STRIKING BAG DISK 

Complete, with pipes and guys for 12-foot ceiling, $35.00 





/ 

THE bPALDINCi 
SPECIAL GYMNASIUM BAG 

HfQHEST QUALITY GYMNASIUM BAG. 

No. 13. Made in regulation size and of the finest 
imported pebble grain leather; the sewing and 
workmanship throughout are of the most substan- 
tial character, and we have spared no expense in 
making this an ideal bag for gymnasium work. The bladder is of a 
special grade of red Para rubber, extra heavy, and 'nade expressly for 
this bag. It is extremely lively, very durable, and will outwear two or 
more ordinary bags. 

Packed complete in box, $8.00 
Catalogue Fr-ee on -A.pplicatior» 



A^ G* Spalding & Bros>^ 



^ £w York 
Chicago 
Phil.adelphia 



GymnasiuDi Factory: Chicopce Falls, Mas. 





Cbe $pM\m I 
Swinging 
Rings. 




Our Swinging Rings are 10 inches in diameter, outside measure- 
ment, and are covered with leather. By actual test, our adjusting clamp 
will stand -as great a strain as the rope itself. All of our rings are fitted 
with these, unless otherwise ordered. 

No. I 25. 10-inch Swing Rings, any length of rope, 
with adjusting straps, . . . $ ( 2.00 



send for catalogue. 

New Vokk 



n. 6. $vmm $ Bm., 



Chicago. 
Philadeli'hi.a. 



(iyninasiuni Factory : Chicopee Falls, Mam 



THE SPALDING 

Combination Vaulting 
and Horizontal Bars^ 




1 _ 1 




1 


I 




1 


.» 



Our New Combination Vaulting and Horizontal Bar (as sliown in 
cut) is a vast improvement over anyth'ng now used for tliat purpose. 
The Ijar is adjustable and can be moved up or down by one person with 
perfect ease ; the uprights are graduated in quarter inches to a height of 
'iy., feet ; the guy wires, only three feet apart, or 18 inches from upright, 
occupying no more room than the old-fashioned wooden ones, and neit 
one-third as much as the horizontal bar now in use. They can be put 
up or removed in a few minutes. It has solid steel uprights and 
sujjporting rods, eiig7a-,'ed g7adi(iitions^ ornamental bases, steel core bars. 

No. 70. Complete, with guy rods and floor plates, $50.00 
Send for Catalogue. 

Jl. 6. Spalding ^ Bros.. 

NEW YORK 

CHICAGO 

PHILADELPHIA 

Gyjunasitim Factory: Chicopci- Falls, Mass. 




The Spalding 

Wall 

Horizontal 

Bar 

No. 74. Complete, Steel Core Bar, $35.00 





CHIS illustration gives a pretty good idea of its general construction. 
The uprights are made of steel. The adjusting slide same as that 
used in all of our adjustable bars. Guy rods are of fine steel and 
polished. Where room is an object this bar is very desirable, as it can 
be set in position in a few minutes. When not in use can be folded 
against the wall. Very firm and strong. 

Send for Catalogue 

A. G. SPALDING & BROS., 

NEW YORK CHICAGO PHILADELPHIA 

Gymnasium Factory : Chicopee Falls, M.tss. 



The Spalding Parallel Bar 

Tliis Parallel Bar is adjustable in height only. Strong, durable and 
easily moved. Eight feet long. 

No. JOJ. Price, compl^te^ $35,00 




The Spalding New Parallel Bar 

This bar is especially' adapted for amateur work, and, on account of 
lightness in its construction, is readily moved about. With wood base. 
Packed ready for shipping. 

No. 102. ParaUel Bar, complete, $25.00 

Send for Catalogue. 

Jl. 6. Spalding ^ Bros., 

NEW YORK CHICAGO PHILADELPHIA 

Gymnasium Factory : Chicopee Falls, Mass. 



THE SPALDING 

SPECIAL VAULTING HORSE, 




The Spalding Special Vaulting Horse is so constructed that the legs 
are put in a vertical position instead of slanting, giving a clear " floor 
wa}'," an advantage that all experts will recognize at once. The horse 
can be raised or lowered by simply turning the crank, and is firm and 
solid in any position, covered with the best of leather, well padded, 
regulation size. Pommels can be instantl}' removed. 

No. O. The Spalding Special, with or without neck, $120.00 
No. I . The Spalding Vaulting Horse, best quality cowhide, $5O.0O 

THE SPALDING 

Special Vaulting Buck 

Made on the same principle as 
the No. Horse.- Ithas the same 
style and quality of covering and 
padding. Adjustable in height. 

No O B. 
The fpalding Special, $90.00 

No. I B. Spalding Vaulting Buck, 
covered with best quality 
dressed cowhide. . . • $35.00 

Send for Cat.vlogue. 

H. 6. Spalding ^ Bros., 

New Yokk 
Chicago 
Philadelphia 
viymnasium Factory : Chicopee 
Falls, Mass. 




THE SPALDING 

WALL APPARATUS. 



Heavy Construction 




No. 3 No. 3X. 

No. 3. This machine is 4 feet 8 inches high. It consists of two single 
wall machines. Pulleys, Guide Rods, Handles and Mountings hand- 
somely nickel-plated. Ash Wall Board, necessarj' screws, etc., 30 lbs. 
of weights. Crated ready for shipment, . . . $20.00 

No. 3X. This machine is 4 feet 8 inches high. Pulleys, Guide Rods, 
Handles and Mountings handsomely nickeled, has Centre Arm Adjust- 
ment and is beautifully finished throughout. Ash Wall Board, neces- 
sary screws, etc., 30 lbs. of weights. Crated for shipment, $25. OO 
Catalogue Free on Application.... 

A. G. SPALDING & BROS., 

NFAV YORK. CHICAGO. PHILADELPHIA. 

Gytiniasiiini Factory: CJiicopce Falls, Alass. 




The Spalding 

Double Intercostal 

Machine 

'T'HIS machine has a double set of pulleys 
and guide rods, with double ceiling 
brackets for intercostal work. Triple 
handles are substituted for the ordinary 
handles, which makes it possible to use them 
as a single giant machine if so desired. All 
the necessary screws, etc. , for setting up, f ur- 
ished with each machine. Crated ready for 
shipment. 

No. 80 B. Heavy construction, 30 lbs. of 
weights, nickel-plated trimmings, $35.00 

5end for Catalogue. 

A. Q. SPALDINQ & BROS. 

New Yokk 

CHIC.A.GO 

Philadelphia 



Gymnasium Factory : Chicopee 
Falls, Mass. 




SPALDING'Sd!^ 

STRIKING BAGS 

^HIGHEST QUALITY CORBETT BAG. 

No. 18. Designed and endorsed by 
James J. Corbett, champion of the 
world. Made of the very finest grain leather, specially 
tanned for this bag, extra well and carefully made 
throughout, and each bag the exact duplicate of the 
one used by Champion Corbett in training and for ex- 
liibition purposes. Splendidly adapted for gymnasium 
work. Complete, in box '$ ( O.OO 

HIGHEST QUALITY GYMNASIUM 

BAG. No. t3. Alade in regulation 

size and of the finest imported pebble 

grain leather; the sewing and workmanship through- 

f)Ut are of the most substantial character, and we have 

spared no expense in making this an ideal bag for 

gymnasium work. The bladder is of a special grade 

of red Para rubber, extra heavy, and made expressly 

for this bag. It is extremely lively and 

very durable. We recommend nothing 

cheaper in striking bags intended for 

gymnasium use. Packed complete, in 

box $8.CO 

No. 12. THE STANDARD SPECIAL. 
Regulation size, made of selected oil tanned 
grain leather, silk stitched and carefully 
made. This bag is particularly adapted 
for quick work. Each bag complete in 

box $5.00 

No. 10. THE STANDARD. Regula- 
tion size, made of specially tanned glove 
leather, substantially pu.: together. Each 

bag complete in box $4.00 

No. 17. THE EXPERT. Regulation 
size, made of fine Napa leather and well fin- 
ished. Each bag complete in box, $3.50 
No. 16. THE PRACTICE. Medium 
size, fine grain leather cover and well 
made throughout. Each bag complete in box $2.50 

EXTRA BLADDERS. 

No. A. For Corbett Bag No. 18 and Gymnasium Bag No. 18. Extra 
fine quality rubber and expressly made for these bags. $ ( ,25 

No. B. For Bags Nos. 12, 10 and 17. Fine quality rubber and very 
durable $ I .OO 

No. C. For Bag No. 16 75C. 

A. Q. SPALDING & BROS., ""'^ JS^radeiph?^^"- 




SPALDING'S 



Gymnasium Apparatus 



AND 



Appliances. 




The various appliances listed in our " Special 
Gymnasium Catalogue," are carefully and scien- 
tifically constructed, up to date in every particu- 
lar, and under the constant supervision of those 
who have made Physical Culture a life study 
and who are in a position to take advantage of 
the latest and most modern ideas governing 
Physical Education. 

We have hundreds of testimonials from the 
largest and most advanced gymnasiums in the 
country, as well as testimonial letters from 
Doctor Gulick, Professor Anderson and other 
leading Physical Instructors \s highly as we 
prize these testimonials, we feci certain a com- 
parison by actual tests will convince any one of 
the superiority In many ways of our appliances 
and apparatus. The Yale Gymnasium, fitted out entirely 
by us, has been highly commended by all and regarded 
as the finest and most complete in existence. 

GYMNASIUM OUTFITTING. 

We especially invite correspondence relative to fitting 
up gymnasiums and shall be pleased to furnish to clubs 
and associations floor plans drawn to scale and such 
other Information that will enable them to make a proper 
and desirable selection of these goods. 

// interested m these goods ask for our Special 
Oymnasiuin Catalogue. 

A. G. SPALDING & BROS. 

NEW YORK. CHICAGO. PHILADELPHIA. 




SPALDING'S INDIAN CLUBS. 

Our Trade Mark Indian Clubs are of selected material and 
perfect in shape. They are finely polished, with ebonite centre 
band and gilt stripe top and bottom. Each pair wrapped in 
paper bag. 

TRADE HARK CLUBS. 




Weight. 


Per Pair 


1=2 pound. 


$0.40 


3=4 


.45 


1 


.50 


1 1=2 - 


.60 


2 


.70 


2 1=2 '' 


.75 


3 


.80 


4 


l.CO 


5 


1.25 



WOOD DUMB BELLS. 

Our Trade Mark Bells are made of selected material, neatly 
decorated, well finished, and of perfect balance. 




Weight. 


Per Pair. 


1=4 pound. 


$0.35 


1=2 


.35 


3=4 " 


45 


1 


.50 


1 1=2 " 


.60 


2 


.65 


3 


.85 


4 


1.00 



Our complete Catalogue for all Athletic Sports. Uniforms and Gymnasium 
Goods mailed free to any address. 

A. Q. SPALDING & BROS., 

NEW YORK. CHICAGO. PHILADELPHIA. 



THE SPALDING 



I 



Bowling 
Alleys 



In writing for esti- 
mates always state 
the character of the 
foundation, whether 
on the ground fioor 
or across joists. In 
building alleys on a 
concrete floor, the 
"sleepers" should 
be imbedded in the 
concrete and placed 
20 inches apart from 
centre to centre. The 
size of sleepers should 
be 3 inches by 8 
inches, with the first 
sleeper 4 feet from 
the pit end of the 
alley. 

9 Prices on n 

c.<sYe^ application Gyy>^ 



A. G. SPALDING & BPOS. 

NEW YORK :: CHICAGO :: PHILADELPHIA 



. . SPALDING'S . . 

Regulation Ten Pin Balls. 

Our Balls are made of the best selected lignum 
vitse. Complement of balls and pins for Single 
Alley consists of two Regulation balls, and one 
each of the following sizes: 8, 7X, 7, 6.!'2, 6, 5K, 5, 
and 4'3 inches; one set League Model Pins. For 
Double Alley — Four Regulation balls; two each 
7, 714 and 8 inch; one each 6W, 6, 5^2,5 and 434 
inch, and two sets League Model Pins. 









4 inch, . . $0.75 

r " •.•••. I:8g 
r "• .-. 1:18 


6/2 inch, . . $2.00 

i'2 " *.*.'. 1:50 


Regulation Ball. 


/-^^ 


Adoptedby the Ameri- / 


can Bowling / 


League. jx^^ 


^^H 


Circum., 27 in.; weight *§ 


^^^^^^^^^^mSS/M 


18 lbs. ^ 


^^^^^^^^■Hp 


Price, $4.00 


^^^^^m/mW 



SPECIAL BALLS. 

Balls bored for the admission of more than 
one finger and thumb. Each hole, 
extra, ..... 25c. 

Slots for three or more fingers. Each, 50c. 

Initials on balls, extra, , . . 25o. 

On all orders for balls state whether same are 
desired with or without finger holes. We carry in 
stock a sample ball bored with holes in order to get 
exact measurements of grip. 

Estimates furnished for complete alleys. 

Our complete Illustrated Catalogue of 
all Athletic Goods and Uniforms mailed 
free to any address. 

A. G. SPALDING & BROS., 

Chicago, New York, Philadelphia. 




* * SPALDING'S * * 

TKN PIN GOODS. 

ACCESSORIES 
^ ^ "" BOWLING ALLEYS. 

Sponges ... Per piece, 75c. to $2.O0 

Swing Cushions, Each, lO.OO 

Rubber for Newels, . . ... Each, 75c. to ( .00 

Mahogany Newel Each, 12.00 

Black Walnut Newel, " 6.00 

Blackboards, space for i6 contese^ints, ... «' 5.00 

Blackboards, large, space for 24 contestants, . '< 7.00 

Crayons, Per gross, .20 

Chamois Blackboard Rubbers Each, .25 

Mahogany Framed Slates for top of Newel, . *' 8.00 

Extra Large Slates, no frame, *• 8.00 

Brass Sponge Cups, nickel plated, '« 4.50 

Extra Tin Sponge Cups, ♦• 1.50 

Sponge Cups for top of Newel, brass lined, . . " 4.50 

Spots, Per set, 1.50 

Irons for Run, plain, 15.00 

Irons for Run, nickel plated, 25.00 

Foot Chalk, Per box, t .GO 

Estimates for Bt'ilding Alleys Fukxlshed. 

SHUFFLEBOARD WEIGHTS. 

Our weights are of the regulation size and 
weight, and finely finished. A set comprises 
nil II eight pieces — four marked "A" and four marked 

"B," or any other letters desired. 

Per set, $2.50 

Cur complete Illustrated Catalogue of Athletic Goods and 
Uniforms for all sports mailed free to any address. 

A. Q. SPALDING & BROS., 

CHICAOO :: NEW YORK :: PHILADELPHIA. 




SPALDING^S ATHLETIC GOODS, 



Spalding's 




Hammers. 




WIRE HANDLES. 

This hammer, with oui- improved wire handle, is practically indestructible, 
and its use avoids the vexatious delays occasioned by broken handles. They 
are almost exclusively used in all A. A. U. contests and endorsed by all the 
expert throwers. 



No. 9. Wire Handle, 12-lb. Lead, 


Each, $5.00 


No. 10. Wire Handle, 1 6-lb. Lead, 


5.50 


No. 14. Wire Handle, 12-lb. Iron, 


3.50 


No. 15. Wire Handle, i6-lb. Iron, 


4.00 


Extra Wire Handles, .... 


1.50 


REGULATION HAMMERS WITH \ 


VOOD HANDLE. 


No. 11. Wood Handle, i6-lb. Lead, . 


Each, $4.50 


No. 16. Wood Handle, 12-lb. Lead, . 


4.00 


No. 12. Wood Handle, i6-lb. Iron, 


2.25 


No. 13. Wood Handle, 12-lb. Iron, 


1.75 


Extra Wood Handles, .... 


1.00 



Complete Catalogue Free. 

A. G. SPALDING & BROS. 



New York. 



Chicago. 



Philadelphia. 



ATHLETIC GOODS. 




Spalding's Vaultini: Poles. 

Selected Spruce. 

No. 100. 8 feet long, $3.00 

No. 101. 10 feet long, . 4.00 

No. 102. 12 feet long, 5.00 

No. 103. 14 feet long, . 6.00 

Spalding's 
Regulation 56-lb.Weiglits. 

With the Famous Mitchell Handle. 




The handles furnished with our 56-lb. weights are the same as 
used and designed by Mr. J. S Mitchell, the Champion Weight 
Thrower of America, who has given us exclusive right to use his 
name in connection with the above handles. Each weight is put 
in box, complete, with two sets of handles, for one or two hands. 

No. 1 . Iron 56-lb. weights, complete, . $8.00 

No. 2. Lead 56-lb. weights, complete, . 10.00 

Complete Catalogue Free. 

A. G. Spalding & Bros., 

Chicago. 
New York. Philadelphia. 





athletic 
Sweaters, 



Our "Highest Quality" Sweaters 
are of the very finest Australian 
lambs' wool and are exceed- 
ingly softand pleasant to wear. 
They are full fashioned to body 
and arms, and without seams 
of any kind. We call special 
attention to the " Intercollegi 
ate " grade, which were origin- 
ally made by special order for the Yale football eleven and are now exclusively 
used by all intercollegiate players. They are considerably heavier than the 
heaviest sweater ever knitted and cannot be furnished by any other maker, as 
we have exclusive control of this special weight. The various grades in our 
'' Highest Quality" Sweaters are identical in quality and finish, the differance 
in price being due entirely to variations in weight. Colors : White, Navy Blue, 
Black, and Maroon. 



No. 


A. 


'' Intercollegiate/' 


special weight, $7.00 


No. 


B. 


Heavy weight, 


5.00 


No. 


C. 


Standard weight, 


4.50 


No. 


D. 


Medium weight, 


3.50 



Our complete Catalogue of Athletic Uniforms and all other requisites for 
Indoor and Outdoor Sports mailed free to any address. 

fl. G. Spalding & Bros., 



flEW YORK. 



CHICHGO. 



PHlLiADELiPHIA. 





"OFFICIAL" 
BASKET 
' BALL 



Has been officially adopted by the A. L. N. A., and must 
be used in all match games. The cover is made in eight sections, 
with capless ends and of the finest and most carefully selected 
pebble grain leather. The bladder is made specially for this ball 
of extra heavy and purest Para rubber. Each ball packed, com- 
plete, in sealed box, and guaranteed perfect in every detail. 

No. M. Spalding's " Official " Basket Ball, Each, $6.00. 



SPALDING^S 

^* OFFICIAL^' 

BASKET BALL 

GOAL. 

No. 80. 
Per pair, $4.00 




No. 80. 




006 010 348 3 



